2002汉斯范博格地下采矿方法.pdfVIP

Underground Mining Methods By Hans Fernberg hans.fernberg@ Underground Mining Methods Why underground mining? Generally,depending on orebody geometry, waste / ore ratio increases as open pit mining goes deeper Eventually reaching a break-even situation where underground mining gets more favourable and profitable Environmental aspects Surface mining might not be permitted Underground Mining Methods From open pit to underground mining Underground Mining Methods From exploration to mine planning Computer generated views of Riddarhyttan Resources´ Suurikuusikko project looking west and looking south-east Underground Mining Methods Basic infrastructure for a typical underground mine Operations below open pit Ore hoisting via shaft Underground Mining Methods Decline access for ore hauling Mine Trucks as alternative to shaft and vertical hoisting 50,000 t / week are hauled at Pillara mine - 700 m depth Underground Mining Methods 1. Steep dipping orebodies based on gravity to collect ore at extraction level a. Sub level open stoping b. Shrinkage stoping c. Vertical retreat mining d. Sub level caving e. Block caving f. Cut and fill 2. Flat orebodies a. Room and pillar b. Long wall mining Underground Mining Methods Sublevel Open Stoping Blasting towards free space Stoping layout using top hammer drilling