2017英语高考1轮复习语法名词精炼版.ppt

名词;1．(2015·新课标卷Ⅰ)The Li River is pictured by artists in so many Chinese ________ (painting)． 2．(2014·新课标卷Ⅰ)For most of us the ________ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work. 3．(2014·辽宁卷)Peter: Unbelievable! Oh ..., if you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep ________ (breathe)．;提示词为名词时，分析句子成分后发现词性不用变，则应填写所给名词的复数形式。 1．利用设空前表示数量的many, several, all, both等确定名词用复数。 2．可数名词前无冠词应用复数形式。 3．设空前有one of (the/my等)提示词，名词用复数形式。 4．设空处作主语，且谓语动词是复数形式，则设空处应填名词复数形式。;1．(2015·新课标卷Ⅰ短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.;4．(2014·辽宁卷短文改错)Weve called several time about Cleos early morning barking.;1．可数名词单复数的错用 ①有些名词常以复数形式出现，如trousers, manners(礼貌)等。 ②在指示代词this, that后用单数名词，these, those后用复数名词。 2．可数名词与不可数名词的错用 ①误把不可数名词当作可数名词，如progress(进步), luggage(行李), advice(建议)等，只能用作不可数名词。 ②有些词如time可用作可数名词或不可数名词，应根据语境判断。 3．误把名词的普通格用作所有格，表示“……的”时应用名词的所有格。;1．一般情况下直接在词尾加-s变为复数名词。 2．以-x，-s，-ch，-sh结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在词尾加-es，注意stomach→stomachs除外。 3．以-o结尾的有生命的名词-es，以-o结尾的无生命的名词以及以-oo结尾的名词后加-s。如：tomato→tomatoes, hero→heroes, radio→radios, zoo→zoos等。 4．以“辅音字母＋-y”结尾的变-y为-i再加-es。 5．以-f/-fe结尾的单词，把-f/-fe变为-v再加-es。如：wife→wives。但roof→roofs, belief→beliefs除外。;6．名词复数的不规则变化形式。 ①改变名词中的元音字母。如man→men, mouse→mice。child→children除外。 ②单复数形式相同。如sheep, deer, means (方法)，works (工厂)等。 ③复合名词变成复数的情况：将主体名词变为复数，如：son--in--law→sons--in--law；无主体名词时，在复合名词的词尾加-s，如：grown-up→grown-ups；将两部分都变为复数，如：woman singer→women singers。;be in high spirits　　　　 情绪高昂 burst into tears/cheers 放声大哭/大声喝彩 make preparations for ... 为……做准备 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵 in terms of 就……而言 in ruins 成为废墟 in all directions 向四面八方 take pains 尽力；刻苦 take turns 轮流;Ⅰ.单句训练 1．In the rush hour, there were so many cars and _________ (bus) on the road. 2．More than 300 (coach) have been invited to the meeting. 3．He lost all his (key) to the doors, so he had to get them opened by force. 4．They took some (photo) when they visited China. 5．The little