统计过程控制题库.pptx

连接控制图方法与流程改进方法 Link Control Chart methods to the Process Improvement Methodology TM 讨论不同类型的变差 Discuss different types of variation 介绍各种类型的控制图 Introduce various types of Control Charts 讨论如何解释控制图 Discuss the interpretation of Control Charts;我们是否应该采取行动？ Should we take action? ;今天采集什么样的数据？ What Type Of Data Is Collected Today? ;;这一方法导致何种管理行为？ This method causes what type of management behavior? ;;;;;Derived from Understanding Variation: The Key To Managing Chaos, Donald J. Wheeler, SPC Press. 1993.;统计流程控制图显示不同的解释,可为什么呢? SPC Tells A Different Story. But Why?;“人们已知的最佳方式之一是如不能使用控制图分析数据会： 增加成本, 浪费的努力和降低士气; - Donald J. Wheeler 博士 “Failure to use control charts to analyze data is one of the best ways known to mankind to: increase costs waste effort and lower morale.” - Dr. Donald J. Wheeler ;S = 统计技术: 检查偏差 Statistical techniques used to examine process variation;控制图方法 Control Charts Method它从哪里来的? Where Did It Come From?;Five Main Uses of Control Charts 控制图的5个主要用途; 差异类型 -“普遍 VS 特别” Types of Variation “Common vs. Special”;特殊原因 SPECIAL CAUSE 不可预见的 Unpredictable 与普通偏差比较大 Typically large in comparison to Common Cause variation 可以由基本的过程控制和监视去除或变小 Can be removed/lessened by basic process control and monitoring ;练习Exercise;Minitab –控制图 Control Charts;Minitab – 控制图练习Control Charts Exercise;;Definitions 定义;;Minitab 测试Tests;过程控制测试标准Process Control Tests;;;;;;;;;;如何收集数据 How to Collect Data;抽样 Sampling;建立和维护控制限 Setting Up and Maintaining Control Limits;;;;控制图的主要类型 Major Types of Control Charts;;Variable Control Charts连续数据控制图X-bar R Chart平均值和极差图 (Xbar - R 图);;有效的连续数据控制图包括... A Valid Variable Control Chart Has… ;Xbar-R图实例 ;MINITAB FILE: Xbar_r. mtw MINITAB文件: Xbar_r. mtw ;;The control limits are for averages, not individual values. 控制极限是根据平均值计算得出的 Most specifications are for individual values. 大多数规范是关于个体数值的;Variable Control Charts：I MR Chart连续数据控制图：I-MR图;;I-MR图;Individual Data个体数据 Moving Range移动极