整数的减法.pptVIP

整數的減法;例： -3-2 眼睛看到的是 -3 及 -2 , 手指就比出 -3 及 -2;例：1-4 眼睛看到的是 1 及 -4 , 手指就比出 1 及 -4 ;正-正 例：52-97= - (97-52) = -45 ;負-正 例：-63-24 = - (63+24) = -87 ;計算下列各式 (-60)-27 = - (60+27) = -87 (-45)-23 = - (45+23) = -68 36-15 = + (36-15) = 21 18-79 = - (79-18) = -61;計算下列各式 -49-50 = - (49+50) = -99 1-74 = - (74-1) = -73 -54-3 = - (54+3) = -57 44-76 = - (76-44) = -32 ;計算下列各式 -31-41 = - (31+41) = -72 -94-42 = - (94+42) = -136 54-86 = - (86-54) = -32 (-55)-7 = - (55+7) = -62;正正得正 正負得負 負正得負 負負得正;口訣：;例：-3-(-2) 　-(-2)的2支手指要翻180度變成 +2 ;例：-2-(-5) -(-5)的5支手指要翻180度變成 +5 ;正-負 及 負-負 例：34-(-24) = 34+24 = 58 ;計算下列各式 33-(-3) = 33 + 3 = 36 62-(-10) = 62 + 10 = 72 -24-(-36) = -24 + 36 = + (36-24) = 12 (-35)-(-33) = -35 + 33 = - (35-33) = -2 ;計算下列各式 22-(-10) = 22+10 = 32 -61-(-89) = -61 + 89 = + (89-61) = 28 (-98)-(-5) = -98+5 = - (98-5) = -93 66-(-81) = 66+81 = 147;計算下列各式 64-(-62) = 64+62 = 126 -62-(-41) = -62+41 = - (62-41) = -21 (-23)-(-11) = -23+11 = - (23-11) = -12 (-85)-(-75) = -85+75 = - (85-75) = -10;一般數的加減法;求下列各式的值 (-100)+25 = - (100-25) = -75 (-5)+0 = -5 0.85+(-0.85) = 0 ;求下列各式的值 178+(-53) = + (178-53) = 125 29+(-69) = - (69-29) = -40 (-1.28)+0.13 = - (1.28-0.13) = -1.15;求下列各式的值 (-55)+(-43) = - (55+43) = -98 (-5)-93 = - (5+93) = -98 (-0.25)-0.72 = - (0.25+0.72) = -0.97;求下列各式的值 (-5)-1 = - (5+1) = -6 (-6.7)-2.1 = - (6.7+2.1) = -8.8;求下列各式的值 47-(-51) = 47+51 = 98 0-(-5) = 0+5 = 5 (-3.44)-(-2.31) = -3.44+2.31 = - (3.44-2.31) = -1.13 ;求下列各式的值 17-(-82) = 17+82 = 99 0-(-1.2) = 0+1.2 = 1.2 (-9.8)-(-7.6) = -9.8+7.6 = - (9.8-7.6) = -2.2 ;減去一個數相當於加上它的相反數 ;求下列各式的值 , 並比較其結果 67-45 = 22 67+(-45) = 22 25-(-24) = 49 25+24 = 49 (-28)-31 = -59 (-28)+(-31) = -59 (-75)-(-51) = -24 (-75)+51 = -24 ;由以上的計算結果 , 我們可以得到一個計算的規則： 減去一個數 等於 加上它的相反數 ;減去一個數 等於 加上它的相反數 3 - 8 = -5 8的相反數為 -8 3 +(-8) = -5;減去一個數 等於 加上它的相反數 -4 - (-9)