unit4Sharing课件40(人教版选修7).ppt

定语从句复习;1 英语中哪些词或短语能做定语？2 定语的位置？;The boy punished yesterday / The punished boy is a tall one.;I like hardworking students.The book on the desk is a novel. The houses that have been sold out must be the better ones.;一般定语从句的结构是： “先行词+关系词+从句”。 （限制性定语从句）翻译：……的…… 注意：在中文翻译上，关系代词词或关系副词没有字面的含义，不用翻译。 The boy who broke the window is called Tom. ;一、定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is a lawyer. 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有: who，whom，whose，which，that等 和关系副词: where，when，why等。 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分;二、关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1. 由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语?? whom作宾语，whose作定语指人或物。 This is the man who helped me. 这位是帮过我的那个人。 The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位大夫在屋里。 Do you know the man whose name is Liu Xiang? 你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？;2. which引导的定语从句 这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或作谓语动词或介词的宾语。 This is the book which you want. 这就是你要的那本书。 The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 有机器的房间是车间。;1) whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上，在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。 这位就是你在找的那个人。 This is the person whom you are looking for. 2) 引导非限定性定语从句时，或介词后面, 关系代词用which, 不用that。 I have read Gone with the Wind several times, which I like very much. ;3. 由that引导的定语从句 that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。 我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。 The letter that I received was from my father. ;在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句： 1) 先行词是不定代词: all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 我们现在能做的就是等结果。 All that we can do now is to wait for the result. 2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。 我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. ;3) 先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。 你给我的书我全读完了。 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 4) 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。 He is the only person that I want to talk to. ;;6 当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句用that引导。 Who is the man that is standing by the door?  7不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常省掉。 He is n