建筑物沉降变形检测的研究浅析.doc

PAGE  PAGE 20 建筑物沉降变形检测的研究 摘要 在建筑物的设计、施工和工后沉降控制过程中，建筑物的沉降分析及沉降发展规律的研究，一直以来都是不容忽视的问题。在工程建设中，沉降变形问题直接影响到整个建筑物的施工质量和正常使用。如果对建筑物沉降变形不够精确，轻则造成工程结构的开裂，影响使用效果，重则引发倾倒等严重工程事故，造成巨大的经济损失。对沉降变形检测的研究，各国的专家和学者很早就在理论和实践两方面进行了广泛深入的研究，并提出了许多沉降变形的计算和沉降变形的预测方法，取得了显著的成果，建筑物沉降变形观测的精确性保障了建筑物的安全，预防不必要的经济损失。在工程建设中，安全和经济是工程最为关心的两个问题。因此，建筑物沉降的计算和沉降规律的研究，在土建工程中是非常重要的问题，越来越受到人们的重视。本文通过对建筑物变形的原因与种类进行分析，简要描述了沉降变形观测的精度要求以及变形观测数据处理与数据分析。保障了建筑物的施工与使用安全，并为以后的勘察设计和施工提供可靠的资料及相应的沉降参数，因此建筑物沉降观测的必要性和重要性愈加明显。 关键词:建筑物；沉降变形观测；基准点；观测点；GPS Abstract In?the design of the building,?construction?and?post construction settlement?control process, Research on?building?settlement analysis and?developing regularity of settlement,?has always been a?problem can not be ignored. In the process of engineering construction,?the settlement and deformation of?the problem directly affects the entire building?construction quality and?the normal use. If the deformation?is not accurate enough?for?building settlement,?it may cause?cracking?in engineering structure,?affect the use effect,?will cause?the dumping of?serious?engineering accident,?causing huge economic losses. Study on?settlement deformation?detection,?the?experts and scholars?very early in the?two aspects of?theory and practice of?research, and put forward a lot of?settlement calculation of?deformation?and settlement?prediction method,?achieved remarkable results,?the buildings settlement?observation?precision?guarantee the safety of the building,?to prevent?unnecessary economic loss. In the process of engineering construction,?safety and?economy?are?the two issues of most concern to?engineering. Therefore,?study on the?calculation of?building settlement?and?settlement law,?in civil engineering?is a very important problem,?people pay more and more attention. In this paper,?through the analysis of?the reason?and?type?of?deformation of the building, a brief description of the?requirements of the settlement?deformation observation?precision and deformation?observ