基于分形理论的雷电先导三维建模与仿真综述.docxVIP

基于分形理论的雷电先导三维建模与仿真 魏锥，王之猛 （聊城供电公司，聊城，252000） 摘要：雷电是一种自然放电现象，其放电的随机性以及雷电先导在产生和发展过程中易受周围环境影响的特点导致雷电活动对电力系统产生巨大危害。如何描述这种特性在雷电先导发展过程中所起的作用以及规律是特高压输电系统外绝缘优化配置中需要解决的关键问题之一。为此采用分形模型模拟了先导的发展过程，在三维中描述雷电放电通道的分支和扭曲。本课题基于对雷电发展过程准静态场的假设，采用有限差分法作为电场计算的方法，将偏微分方程的问题化为线性方程组问题，并用迭代法进行线性方程的数值解。结合以上计算出的空间电场，采用分形方法完成了三维雷电先导放电通道的建模与仿真，并实现了雷电先导发展过程及相应的空间电势图形静态和动态显示。在此基础上，本课题还讨论了避雷针对闪电轨迹的影响。 关键词：分形模型；三维建模；雷电先导；有限差分法；MATLAB Modeling and Simulation of Lightning Leader in 3-D based on the Fractal Theory WEI Zhui, WANG Zhi-meng (Liaocheng Power Supply Company, Liaocheng 252000, China) Abstract: Lightning is a natural discharge phenomenon. It causes great damage to power system due to the stochastic nature of lightning discharges and the vulnerability of lightning leaders to various environments in the process of inception and propagation. How to describe the function and regular pattern of this factor in the progressing process of lightning leader is one of the key problems to be solved for the optimal allocation of external insulation in uhv transmission network. Consequently, we introduced the fractal model to simulate the developing process of the lightning leader, reproducing branches and tortuosity of lightning channels in 3-D simulations. This topic is based on the assumption of quasi-static field in lightning development process, using the finite difference method to calculate the electric field, changing partial differential equations into linear equations, using the iterative method to get the numerical solution of linear equations. Combining with the above electric field, this topic uses the fractal theory to model and simulate the three-dimensional lightning leader discharge channel, achieving development process of lightning leader, at the same time, the potential changes are shown statically and dynamically on the graph. And on this basis, the subject also discussed the influence to the lightning trajectory caused by air rod. Keywords: Fractal model; Three-dimensional modeling;