氦比重瓶法测孔隙度.pdfVIP

bs_bs_banner Archaeometry 54, 5 (2012) 906–915 doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4754.2011.00657.x POROSITY DETERMINATION WITH HELIUM PYCNOMETRY AS A METHOD TO CHARACTERIZE WATERLOGGED WOODS AND THE EFFICACY OF THE CONSERVATION TREATMENTS* I. D. DONATO and G. LAZZARA Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Stanislao Cannizzaro’, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze—Edi?cio 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy The helium pycnometer allows us to measure the cell-wall density of dry woods and the basic density of wood samples soaked with water and/or a consolidant solution if a non-volatile solvent is used. These parameters were correlated to the porosity, which for degraded water- logged wood is related to the maximum water content. Moreover, this has revealed the possibility of investigating, by means of accurate cell-wall density determination, the ef?cacy of several consolidants in the treatment of waterlogged woods. KEYWORDS: HELIUM PYCNOMETRY, POROSITY, DENSITY, WATERLOGGED WOOD, CONSOLIDATION INTRODUCTION Many properties of archaeological wood, particularly those involving deterioration, sorption, penetrability, swelling and strain-related phenomena, are probably dependent on the porosity of the wood, which, in turn, depends on cell-wall and basic densities (Capretti et al. 2008). Thus, accurate measurements of these physical parameters are essential for a correct determination of such properties. Several conventional methods have been successfully applied for determination of the physical and chemical properties of waterlogged archaeological woods (Capretti et al. 2008; Pizzo et al. 2010). The concept of density is very simple, and the mass and volume of a body would seem to be among the easi