2014-2015学年北师大版选修七Unit20Lesson3ScientificBreakthroughs课件（45张）.ppt

北师大版 高二 Module 7 Unit 20;Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs; Do you know the major discoveries of the scientists in the pictures?;Albert Einstein; He also discovered famous mathematical statement E=mc2 (energy equals mass times the speed of light squared). This statement or formula explained that a great amount of energy could come from a small piece of matter. ;Edwin Hubble;And he proved that nebulae (星云) were galaxies themselves. Astronomers now agree that far distant galaxies do exist. To honor him, the first telescope was named after him. ;beautiful space Hubble space telescope; 哈勃空间望远镜是人类第一座太空望远镜, 总长度超过13米, 质量为11吨多, 运行在地球大气层外缘离地面约600公里的轨道上。它大约每100分钟环绕地球一周。哈勃望远镜是由美国国家航空航天局和欧洲航天局合作, 于1990年发射入轨的。;哈勃望远镜是以天文学家爱德文·哈勃的名字命名的。按计划, 它将在2009年被詹姆斯韦布太空望远镜所取代。哈勃望远镜的角分辨率达到小于 0.1秒, 每天可以获取3到5G字节的数据。;Alexander Fleming (1881-1955);John William Mauchly (1907.8.30 – 1980.1.8) J. Presper Eckert;这是美国军方要求宾州大学莫奇来(Mauchly) 博士和他的学生爱克特(Eckert)设计的,准备用来计算炮弹及火箭、导弹的弹道,它最终在原子弹的研制中发挥了极大的作用。;世界上第一台电子计算机“埃尼阿克” ;世界上第一台通用数字电子计算机ENIAC的问世,宣告了人类从此进入电子计算机时代。 ;ENIAC:长30.48米,宽1米,占地面积170平方米,30个操作台,约相当于10件普通房间的大小,重达30吨,耗电量150千瓦,造价48万美元。 它使用18000个电子 管，70000个电阻,10000个电容,1500个继电器,6000多个开关,每秒执行5000次加法或400次乘法,是继电器计算机的1000倍、手工计算的20万倍。;;On December 17th, 1903, they made the world’s first flight in a machine that was heavier than air and powered by an engine. Orville flew the plane thirty-nine meters. He was in the air for 12 seconds. ;起飞:奥维尔·莱特(躺在飞机的下翼上)于1903年进行了第一次动力飞行。 ; Try to match the discoveries with how they were discovered.; Read the text and check your guesses from Exercise 2.;1. Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “E=mc2 ”. This outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired. “E=mc2”was born.;2. Einstein participated in the program that developed the nuclear bomb. 3. Einstein observed changes in time, size and mass. Einstein then showed in his “theory of relativity” that not even time, mass or length are constant ---they