噬菌体与宿主菌间的角逐.PDFVIP

生命的化学 , 2013, 33(6): 695-699 俞 汇 颖 , 等 . 噬菌体与宿主菌间的角逐 www.lif·e .695ac.c n· 噬菌体与宿主间的角逐 俞汇颖，张 琦，魏云林*，季秀玲* (昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院，昆明 650500) 摘要：噬菌体和它们的宿主菌组成了地球上数目最庞大的微生物种群，噬菌体靠寄生宿主菌来扩增繁 衍。但在漫长的进化中，噬菌体与宿主菌间不单是捕食关系，它们间还形成了复杂的相互对抗机制， 其中抵抗防御机制的抗防御机制也会促使抗-抗防御机制的产生。从生态学角度来看，噬菌体和宿主 菌间的共进化保持着动态平衡。本文综述近年来这一领域的研究，为更清楚地了解噬菌体与宿主菌间 的关系和应用提供了参考。 关键词：噬菌体；宿主菌；动态平衡 Competition between phages and host YU Huiying, ZHANG Qi, WEI Yunlin*, JI Xiuling* (Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China) Abstract: Bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts are the most abundant organisms. The bacteriophages infect the host bacteria and propagate in an explosive manner. The relationship between the bacteriophages and their hosts conform not only simple predator-prey models but also complex mutual resistance systems. The mechanisms of anti-defense against the defense of the bacteriophages and their hosts will enhance their resistance to the anti-resistance of the partners. In ecology, many studies have demonstrated a dynamic balance between bacteriophages and their hosts, which will summarized in this paper, with the aim to provide a basis for uncovering the relationship between bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts and further application. Key words: bacteriophage; bacteria; dynamic balance 在自然界中，噬菌体作为一类可以移动但不 为评价这些应用提供了依据。 能独立扩增遗传信息的遗传因子，必须依靠它的 1 吸附和侵入 ： 突破第一道防线 宿主菌才能得以延续和繁殖。而细菌(宿主菌)作为 广泛存在的微生物，早已被人类驯化应用于生 荧光标记的大肠杆菌噬菌体吸附过程中的移 产，但在大多发酵中噬菌体污染成为了这些产业 动和定位，现在均已能在纳米分辨率的电子断层 最常见的问题；抗生素导致的致病菌耐药性也使