第1个以空间为主线的教学体系.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 8 空间原理：第一个以空间为主线的教学体系 刘拾尘1, a, 刘晗2,b 1, 华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 2，湖北城市建设职业技术学院 a liuxiaohu@, b zephry1229@, c ai_echo@ 摘要：冯纪忠五十年代在同济大学推行的“空间原理”教学体系，是中国乃至全球第一个以空间为主线、全面组织各年级建筑设计教学的体系。通过不同年级、不同空间类型的练习，比如大空间塑造、空间排比、空间顺序等，结合课程组织，加上讲述和教授工作方法，让学生掌握设计原理。改变过去根据类型教学的缺陷，教授原理而不是经验，让学生可以举一反三。“空间原理”超越形式主义和功能主义，也有设计方法本土化的意识。它因批斗而中断，中国的建筑教育也错过了第二次与现代建筑擦肩而过的机遇。 关键词：空间原理 建筑教育 原理 类型 现代建筑 Space Combination Design Principle: The First Architectural Education System Use Space as Fundamental?Framework? Liu Xiaohu1, a, Liu Han2,b, Ai Yong3,c 1, School of Architecture Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science Technology, Wuhan，430074, China 2，Hubei Urban Construction Vocational and Technological College, 430205, China a liuxiaohu@, b zephry1229@, c ai_echo@ ABSTRACT The “Space combination design principle” carried out by Feng Jizhong in the 1950s in Tongji University, was the first architecture design education system in China even in the world, used space as fundamental framework, and all grades of the school were organized to follow this framework. Through different grades and types exercises of space, like space shaping, spatial parallelism, the order of space, students can master the principles of design combine with curriculum organization and teaching design methods. Teaching design principles rather than design experience were different from teaching by architectural types, so students can learn method and can design by analogy. “Space combination design principle” thus beyond formalism and functionalism, also refer to localization. It was interrupted by the Cultural Revolution, so architectural education in China missed a second opportunity to step in modern. Key words: space combination design principle, Architectural education, principle, types, modern architecture 国家自然科学基金资助项目 首开先河：国际领先的空间教学体系 冯纪忠五十年代在同济大学推行的“空间原理”教学体系，是中国乃至全球第一个以空间为主线、全面组织各年级建筑设计教学的体系。它打破了过去以类型来组织设计教学的传统，也把形式训练退居其次，而将空间作为核心问题提出来；进一步又将空间按照从小到大、从少到多、从简到繁的方式分类，贯穿进各年级教学；更进一步，再将不同空间