Module4SandstormsinAsia--Grammar学案（外研版必修3）.doc

第  PAGE 4 页 共  NUMPAGES 4 页 grammar 不定式 Step 1 Presentation Look at the examples a-f. The underlined phrases are examples of different types of infinitive. The wind is strong enough. It can move sand dunes. The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes. We were advised, “ Don’t go outside.” We were advised not to go outside. I’m cycling to work in a sandstorm and it’s frightening. I’m frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstorm. There is nothing anyone can do. There is nothing to be done. I am the only person in my family who has been in a sandstorm. I am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm. I’ve been caught in a sandstorm. It was a terrible experience. To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience. Step 2 Explanations I 动词不定式的时态和语态形式 时 态主 动被 动 一般式 to doto be done进行式 to be doing??成式 to have done to have been done1. 动词不定式的一般式：表示与主动词处于同一时间层面或动作发生于主动词之后。 eg: He seems to understand what I said I hope to visit Paris again. 2. 动词不定式的进行式：表示与主动词同时发生且动作正在进行。 eg: The two cheats pretended to be working hard. 3. 动词不定式的完成式：表示不定式动作发生于主动词之前。 eg: She seems to have seen this film. He happened to have gone out when I went to see him 4. 动词不定式的被动式：表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系。 eg: The meeting to be held tomorrow is about how to stop the pollution. I want to have been told the news earlier. Ⅱ动词不定式的句法功能 不定式的句法功能是做主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，主语补足语，定语，目的状语和结果状语，分别给出一个例句 ： 1） To master a foreign language is necessary for a college student. (主语) 2） Your job is to wash dishes.（表语） 3） She promised to give him a chance. (宾语) 4） The teacher told his students to pay attention to their pronunciation.（宾语补足语） 5） I was asked to help him with his lessons.（主语补足语） 6） Have you got a pencil to draw pictures with?（定语） 7） Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference.（状语） 8） He was too excited to say anything.（状语） Ⅲ 不定式的复合结构 1）“疑问词+不定式”可以做主语，宾语，表语，同位语。 The problem is how to persuade him to chan