Module6GrammarInfinitive教学参考课件（外研版必修3）.ppt

Grammar: Infinitive;不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语: 往往放在谓语动词之后, 用 it作形式主语,为了避免句子头重脚轻。 e.g.: To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. ;_____ with him is a great pleasure. A. To talk B. Talk C. Talked D. To talking ;2. 作宾语: 作宾语时如果还带有宾语补 足语, 往往把不定式放在补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。 e.g.: He wanted to go. I find it interesting to study English. ;I didn’t manage ________ it until you had explained how. A. manage to do B. managed to do C. manage to have dong D. manage doing ;3. 做宾语补足语 e.g.: He asked me to do the work with him. 在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等词后的补足语中, 不定式不带to。 ;The government calls on us _______ our production. A. increased B. increasing C. increase D. to increase ;不定式作宾语补足语省略to的情况有下列口诀：一感二听三让五看半帮助。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时, 就必须带上to e.g.: I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. ;4. 作定语 I have some books for you to read. 当作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点, 工具等时, 不定式后面必须有相应的介词。 ;e.g.： He is looking for a room to live in. 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时, 不定式即可以用主动语态, 也可以用被动语态。但含义有所不同。;试比较： Have you anything to send? 你有什么东西要（自己）寄吗？ Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么东西要（我或别人）寄吗？;At last, they found a house _________. A. to leave his things with B. to leave his things in C. leaving his things in D. leaving his things ;5. 作状语, 表示目的, 原因, 结果或条件。 e.g.: I came here to see you We were very excited to find nobody there. He hurried to the school to find nobody there. To look at him, you would like him.;6. 作表语 e.g.: My job is to help the patient. 注意： 主, 表都是不定式, 前者为条件, 后者为目的或结果。 To learn a language is to use it. ;My chief purpose is _______ the difficulties of the matter. A. pointing out B. to be pointed C. pointed D. to point out ; 1. There are five pairs ____, but I’m at a loss which to buy.