Module6SectionⅣGrammarandWriting课件外研版必修3.ppt

Module 6;非限制性定语从句和定语从句的省略;一、非限制性定语从句 1．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加说明，主从句 关系不十分密切，如果去掉定语从句，主句的意思仍然清楚。从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开，翻译成汉语时一般另成一句。需要注意的是，that不能引导此类定语从句。 在非限制性定语从句中，常用的关系代词有who, whom, which, as, whose；关系副词有where, when, why等。;Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了，他是我以前的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我的房子是去年买的，有一个漂亮的花园。;[考题印证1] 1－1(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A．that　　　　　　　　　　　　B．which C．what D．when 解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后会告诉你更多相关的情况。which I will tell you more about later是非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作about的宾语，代指that evening。 ;1－2(2012·浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 解析： 　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，定语从句的先行词是a painter，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应该用关系代词who。;2．非限制性定语从句的先行词还可以是一个句子，此时 从句中谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没明白我的意思，这使我很心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸气，这一过程就叫做蒸发。;[考题印证2] 2－1(2012·陕西高考)It is the third time that she has won the race, ________ has surprised us all. A．that B．where C．which D．what 解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使得我们大家非常吃惊。关系词 which代表前面整个主句的内容； that不能引导非限制性定语从句；where引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句。;2－2(2012·江西高考)By 16：30, ________ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. A．which B．when C．what D．that 解析： 　考查定语从句。从后面的closing time(停止营业时间)可以得知此句是在谈时间，但是此句中缺少主语，前面又有一个逗号，所以可以确定这里是一个非限制性定语从句，用which而不用that引导；when不能作主语，故可排除B项；what不能引导定语从句。;3. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词只能用 which(指物)或whom(指人)，作定语时用whose。 I have three friends, none of whom are doctors. 我有三位朋友，其中没有一人是医生。;[考题印证3] (2012·天津高考)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我想感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不会取得这样的成绩。