语法精讲强化系列 3形容词和副词.pptVIP

3. 形容词和副词;考点1　形容词和副词的词形变化　★★★★ 1. 形容词后缀 (1)-able: ①v. +able: reliable, eatable, enjoyable, movable等。 ②n. +able: valuable, reasonable, knowledgeable等。 (2)-ible: terrible, horrible, invisible, possible等。;(3)-al: international, mental, medical, natural, general等。 (4)-ant或-ent: instant, distant, constant, important, patient, different, absent等。 (5)-ed或-ing: interested, interesting, pleased, pleasing等。 (6)-en: wooden, golden, spoken, written, mistaken等。;(7)-ern: eastern, southern, western, northern等。 (8)-ful: ①n. +ful: colorful, beautiful, helpful, powerful等。 ②v. +ful: forgetful, careful等。 (9)-less: fearless, harmless, useless, helpless等。 (10)-ly: friendly, lovely, daily, weekly等。;(11)n. /v. +(i)ous: curious, dangerous, various, anxious等。 (12)-some: handsome, troublesome, tiresome等。 (13)n. +-y: funny, lucky, snowy, rainy, dusty等。;2. 形容词前缀 (1)un-: unhappy, unfair, unimportant, uncomfortable, unnecessary等。 (2)im-: impossible, impolite, impatient等。 (3)in-: inactive, inconvenient, incorrect等。;(4)dis-: disabled, dishonest等。 (5)ir-: irregular, irresponsible等。 (6)il-: illegal等。 ;3. 副词后缀 一般都是 adj. +-ly构成, 如simple→simply等。 【点津】注意以-e结尾的形容词变副词时有的去掉e, 有的不去e, 直接加-ly。例如: definite→definitely, true→truly。;【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空 (2015·陕西高考)When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes_________ (natural). ;解题关键: 句意强调“她做了一件顺其自然的事”, 即符合狗本性的事。此处应该用副词naturally作状语, 修饰动词come。 答案判定: naturally;【高考题组】用所给词的适当形式填空/单句改错 1. (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ______ (slow)during cool nights. 2. (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As _______(nature)architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. ;3. (2014·全国卷Ⅰ)The river was so polluted that it _______ (actual)caught fire and burned. 4. (2014·辽宁高考)Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and _____ (soft). ;5. (2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Everyone on the bus began talking about what