根除贫困陷阱长汀县环境修复政策可持续研究与示范.docVIP

PAGE 8 PAGE 8 根除贫困陷阱—长汀县环境修复政策可持续研究与示范 曹世雄a，钟炳林b, 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目 作者介绍： 曹世雄, 男, 汉族,( 1965～), 研究员(博士后), 主要从事生态经济学和制度经济学方向研究, 发表学术论文60余篇,出版专著1部. Tel.: 010-6233-6097, Fax: 010-6233-8689, E-mail: shixiongcao@126.com ?通讯作者Corresponding author. E-mail:  HYPERLINK mailto:binglinzhong@126.com binglinzhong@126.com Foundation item: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. NSF Biography: CAO Shi-xiong, professor (postdoctor), mainly engaged in ecological and institutional economics. ，岳辉b，曾河水b，曾金华b (a. 北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京100083；b.长汀县水土保持局，福建366300) 摘要：消除全球贫困的迫切需要使得环境保护与消除贫困之间的相互关系成了环境政策争论的重要内容，因此，脱贫工作与环境修复密不可分。为了探索消除贫困与环境修复双重战略目标的有效性和可持续性，2000年开始，福建省每年从省财政拨出1000万人民币在长汀县水土流失最严重的策武乡、河田镇、三洲乡、濯田镇四个乡镇开展以可持续发展为内容、自然与社会相和谐的生态补偿政策研究。研究结果表明，生态修复与经济发展有效结合、以及适当的生态补偿政策，可以实现环境与社会良性互动、摆脱贫困陷阱的困扰；如果找不到改善当地居民生计的有效途径，私有产权取代国有产权的改革并不能获得良好的环保效果。通过发展环保型绿色产业来帮助当地居民摆脱贫困困扰，可以使当地居民摆脱对旧的生存方式的路径依赖，在改善他们生计的同时、实现生态修复目标。 关键词：环境保护；环境政策；生态补偿；贫困陷阱；产权 Eradicating the Poverty Trap: Development and Testing of a Sustainable Environmental Restoration Policy in China’s Changting County Shixiong Cao a, Binglin Zhong b, Hui Yue b, Heshui Zeng b, Jinhua Zengb (a. College of Water and Soil Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083; b. Water and Soil Conservation Bureau of Changting County, Fujian, 366300) Abstract: It is widely accepted that environmental degradation and poverty are linked and that conservation and poverty-reduction should be tackled together. To test the efficacy and sustainability of such interactions when a whole community is mobilized to pursue a well-articulated poverty reduction and environmental restoration strategy, we have been performing an experiment with a soil- and water-conservation project in China’s Changting County since 2000 by the policy provided annual compensation of RMB 10 million from the provinces budget in areas that were experiencing the heaviest soil erosion. The program focused on four towns: Cewu, Hetian, Sanzhou, and