Between homocysteine and diabetic vascular complications.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 10 Between homocysteine and diabetic vascular complications Abstract: homocysteine (homocysteine, Hey) is a reactive amino acid-induced vascular injury, high Hcy hyperlipidemia is a cardio-cerebral vascular diseases such as an independent risk factor. In recent years, it was discovered that Hcy also related with diabetes, high Hey diabetes, hyperlipidemia may be large, small vessel complications, and the development of an important factor. Keywords:: cysteine; diabetes mellitus / complications; Homocysteine / blood 1 homocysteine (homocysteine, Hey) and metabolism and high Hey hyperlipidemia Hcy is a sulfur-based amino acid, an intermediate metabolite of methionine. Methionine in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with the participation of the formation of s-adenosyl-acid, which is an active methyl donor, and under the action of methyl transferase into S-adenosyl homocysteine, and then de - Adenosine is generated to the same type of cystine. Plasma Hcy, including Hcy, pairs and mixed-Hcy 3 sulfur Hey forms, most in the form of protein binding. High Hcy or hyperlipidemia is defined as fasting serum Hey methionine loading concentrations exceeding the normal reference Range, causing the body’s reasons for accumulation of genetic and acquired metabolic disorder metabolic disorder. Specific reasons are: ① methionine peak enzyme (MS), cystathionine p synthase (CBS), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) defects. ② vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, folic acid intake such as inadequate. ③ smoking may change in vivo thiol redox state. ④ impaired renal function. In addition, age, gender and ethnicity factors on plasma Hcy levels have an impact. 2 Hcy and diabetes Patients with diabetes due to a lack of insulin or affected by the weakening role of glucose and lipid metabolism, but also may affect the catabolism of Hcy. Although previous studies have found Hcy levels in patients with type 1 diabetes and hea