名词性从句连接词选用.docVIP

名词性从句的连接词选用 名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if 不能引导同位语从句。）。在各种考试中，其最主要的考查内容为连接词的选用。名词性从句的连接词可细分为以下四种：（1）以that来引导从句；（2）以whether/if引导从句；（3）以特殊疑问词引导从句；（4）以关系代词/副词引导从句。 一、以that引导从句 当从句的意思已完整时，名词性从句用that引导，that在从句中不作任何句子成分，仅起连接作用。如： It is certain that he will do well in his new job. （主语从句） Do you know that he has been admitted to Beijing University? （宾语从句） My decision is that we are to start at 6 tomorrow morning. （表语从句） The news that our team had won the game excited everybody. （同位语从句） 当用that引导从句时，需注意以下情况： 1．在主语从句中，that一般不可省略，尤其是当主语从句位于句首时，它绝对不可省略。如： That our team had won the game was good news to us. 2．在宾语从句中，that可省略。但当句中有两个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个宾语从句的that不可省略。如： Everybody knows (that) the earth goes round the sun. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. 3．当句子是以it作形式宾语时，引导宾语从句的that不可省略。如： He has made it clear that he will not give in. 4．that一般不能引导介词的宾语从句，偶尔可在except, but, besides和in（在于…；在…方面）的后面引导宾语从句，that不可省略。如： Your homework is quite good except that you have made two small mistakes. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. He differed from other people in that he always looked farther ahead in his work. 在其它介词后面需要用that引导宾语从句时，必须用it作形式宾语。如： You may depend on it that I shall always help you. 5．在表语从句和同位语从句中，that不可省略。如： My advice is that you must give up smoking right now. The fact that he is a thief shocked all of us. 二、以whether/if引导从句 引导名词性从句的whether/if意为“是否”。在使用时，要注意两者存在以下区别。 1．在主语从句中，whether既可引导位于句首的主语从句，也可引导用it作形式主语的主语从句，而if只能引导以it作形式主语的主语从句。如： Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time. 2．在宾语从句中，当其后紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： I don’t care whether/if he comes or not. I don’t care whether or not he comes. 3．在介词后面的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if。如： It all depends on whether they will come back. 4．在表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if。如： The problem is whether the money will be enough. I have no idea whether the money will be enough. 三、以