全球变暖Global Warming英文课件.ppt

GLOBAL WARMING;The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations” via the greenhouse effect. ;Natural phenomena such as solar variation combined with volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward. These basic conclusions have been endorsed by at least 30 scientific societies and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries. ;While individual scientists have voiced disagreement with some findings of the IPCC, the overwhelming majority of scientists working on climate change agree with the IPCCs main conclusions. ;Climate model projections summarized by the IPCC indicate that average global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4?°C (2.0 to 11.5?°F) during the 21st century.;The Earths climate changes in response to external forcing, including variations in its orbit around the Sun Volcanic eruptions and Atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. ;The detailed causes of the recent warming remain an active field of research, but the scientific consensus is that the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases due to human activity caused most of the warming observed since the start of the industrial era. This attribution is clearest for the most recent 50 years, for which the most detailed data are available. Some other hypotheses departing from the consensus view have been suggested to explain the temperature increase. One such hypothesis proposes that warming may be the result of variations in solar activity. ;The greenhouse effect is the process in which the emission of infrared radiation by the atmosphere warms a planets surface. The name comes from the process of the warming of air inside a greenhouse compared to the