英语语法 直接引语与间接引语.pptVIP

; 一字不改地引用或复述别人的 话，被引用或复述的部分就叫直接引语； 直接引语必须都放在引号中，其位置 常在句尾或句首。; 原封不动引用别人的原话,原话在引号中。;用自己的话转述别人所说的内容。通常 以宾语从句的形式出现。当直接引语变 为间接引语时，有关的人称、语序、时 态、代词、时间状语、地点状语、和少 数动词都要作相应的改变。;时 态 的 变 化;现在完成进行时;代词 时间 状语 地点 状语 少数 动词; 直 接;陈述句：;The manager said to me, “You must go there next week.”;如直接引语是客观真理， 变为间接引语时，时态不变。;陈述句 直接引语变间接引语的结构：;一般疑问句：;She said to me, “Will you go there with me?”;一般疑问句 直接引语变间接引语的结构：;特殊疑问句：;Robert asked Alice, “Where is my dictionary?”;特殊疑问句 直接引语变间接引语的结构：;祈使句：;She said to me, “Don’t smoke in the classroom.”;祈使句直接引语变间接引语的结构 (~sb to do sth)：;二）祈使句改间接引语后是~ sb (not) to do sth 结构 注意以下几点 1.said/said to要变成 asked/told/ order等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。 2.呼语变宾语，please要去掉.;感叹句 直接引语 (变化前) He said , “How happy I am!” 间接引语(变化后) He said that he was very happy. He said how happy he was. What a clever boy you are! she exclaimed. → She told him what a clever boy he was. → She told him that he was a clever boy. ; 由直接引语转变为间接引语,有时会引时态的变化,注意以下几个方面 ;由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变 1. 不变的真理： The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.” → The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃. 2. 经常的习惯( 强调动作或状态现在仍然如此时，) He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” → He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.;3. 历史事件 (直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间 做状语时) The teacher said, “World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.” → The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945. 4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” → She said that I must hurry up. ;He often says “ I shall tell you about them.” He often tells me that _____ will tell _____ about ______. I…you…them B. he…me…them C. he…you…us D. I…me…you; 2. You must say to her, “ I depend on you and him .” You must tell her that ___