输血过滤器的临床应用是.ppt

 输血过滤器的临床应用 陈育新; Military Aircraft Engine Intake Air; Leo Yang Pall TWN Sciences ;Welcome to Pall Corporation;Pall is All Around You;Pall is All Around You;A Culture of Innovation;A Culture of Innovation;A Culture of Innovation;Filters Used for Blood Components Administration;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; BLOOD FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY Microaggregate Leucocyte reduction red cells platelets salvaged blood Blood bank filters Bedside (hospital) filters;Transfusion-AssociatedLeukocyte-Mediated Morbidity;Dose-Response for Transfusion and Infection;Dose-Response Relationship Allogeneic Transfusion and Infection;CLINICAL EFFECTS OF CONTAMINATING LEUCOCYTES;1-3;Known effects of Leucocytes;ALLOIMMUNISATION AND REFRACTORINESS ;Antigen Presenting Cell; * The production of HLA antibodies is a 2 signal process requiring the presence of both Class I and Class II antigens Location of HLA * HLA Class I Present on ALL nucleated cells (white cells) and platelets * HLA Class II Present ONLY on Monocytes, Macrophages, B-Lymphocytes, activated T-Lymphocytes, dendritic cells NB: red cells do not express HLA;ALLOIMMUNISATION %;ANALYSIS OF UTILIZATION AND COST OF PLATELET TRANSFUSION IN REFRACTORY HEMATOLOGY / ONCOLOGY PATIENTS;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;;造成血小板减少的病人出血之原因，除了血小板数目外，很多其它的临床症状也要考虑，例如败血症，尿毒症，凝血功能异常，以及药物的影响等。不之疾病造成血小板之减少症，对输血小板之反应不尽相同，如败血症，脾肿大，免疫性血小板减少症，则对输血小板之反应不佳。因此，除了血小板的数目外，引起血小板减少之原因及疾病亦应注意，才能掌握血小板输注的正确时效。;治疗性血小板输注呢？一般而言，是只对正在出血的血小板减少之病人之治疗方法。这时在输血小板之前及之后，对血中血小板数量的监测与比较是很重要的，因为这样可以评估血小板的存活数量，以及预测未来对输血小板的需求。如果血小板的数量没有爬升，即使是反覆的输血，可能对病人并没有什么好处。通常此时医师必须积极去追查造成顽固性血小板减少的原因。 有一些疾病所导致的血小板减少症对输血小板的反应良好，特别是针对骨髓抑制所造成的顽固性血小版减少症。如化学治疗后，放射线治疗后，维持生活素缺乏，或是再生性不良性贫血等。 ;另外有一些疾病所导致的血小板减少症则对输血小板反应不好，如：败血症(sepsis)，脾脏肿大(splenectomy)，以及免疫性血小板减少症，包括自体免疫性