地形因子对森林景观格局多尺度效应分析.docVIP

地形因子对森林景观格局多尺度效应分析 2(1中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510275;中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275) 摘 要 以TM影像和野外调查为数据源,3S技术为研究手段,分析了泰山的森林景观结构动态变化以及景观格局沿高程的分异。选择相对高差较大的区域设计了8个地形方位,采用3种由连续样方组成的辐射状样带,在遥感影像上进行信息采集,研究地形对森林景观格局的多尺度效应,分析了不同地形因子对森林景观分异的影响。结果表明,在景观尺度上,地形方位、海拔、山地类型是影响森林景观镶嵌格局的控制因素,坡向、坡度是重要因素,坡形、坡位是不明显因素。以TM影像为信息源,从森林景观分异和梯度分析上,首先要考虑海拔坡向指数、坡形坡位指数和海拔,并立足于地形方位。地形主要因子间存在着稳定的显著正相关,为森林分异多尺度格局提供了较强的综合解释能力。 关键词 地形,尺度效应,景观格局,森林景观 中图分类号 Q9481114 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1000-4890(2006)08-0900-05 Multi2scaleeffectoftopographyonforestlandscapepatterninTaishanMountain.GUOLuo1,XIABe2121icheng,LIUWenqiu(SchoolofEnvironmentSciencesandEngineering,SunYat2SenUniversity,Guangzhou510275,China;2SchoolofLifeSciences,SunYat2SenUniversity,Guangzhou510275,Chi2na).ChineseJournalofEcology,2006,25(8):900~904. BasedonLandsatTMimagesandfieldsurveydata,andbytheaidsof3Stechniques,thispaperstudiedthedynamicchangesofforestlandscapepatterninTaishanMountain,andtheirrelationswithaltitudevariation.Eighttopographicalfactorswereadoptedtodefinethetopographicalcharacteristics,andthreeradianttran2sectsconsistingofstandardsequentialsamplingplotswereappliedtocollectinformationonremotesensingim2ages.Themulti2scalepatternofforestlandscapedifferentiationanditscorrelationwithtopographicalparame2terswereanalyzedbymultivariateregressionandmainfactoranalyses.Theresultsshowedthattopographicalorientation(position),elevation,andmountainlandtypewerethecriticalfactorsatlandscapelevel,slopeex2posureandgradientwereimportantfactors,whileslopeshapeandpositionwerenotthesignificantones.Intheanalysesofforestlandscapedifferentiationandgradient,thekeyelementswereelevationexposure,slopeshapeandposition,andelevation,withtheconsiderationoftopographicalposition.Thereweresignificantpositivecorrelationsamongthemaintopographicalfactors,whichcouldbetterexplainthemulti2scalepatternofforestlandscapedifferentiation.Thecontributionratewasabout70%atanyscale,andtheexplanatorypercentagewasincreasedwithincreasingscalewhiletheexplanatoryabilitywasinadverse,wh