我国大型换热器的技术进展_陈永东.docVIP

——————————————————————————————————————————————— 我国大型换热器的技术进展_陈永东 第49卷第10期 2013年5月 机 械 工 程 学 报 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Vol.49 No.10 May 2013DOI：10.3901/JME.2013.10.134 我国大型换热器的技术进展 陈永东1, 2 陈学东1, 2 (1. 合肥通用机械研究院 合肥 230031； 2. 国家压力容器与管道安全工程技术研究中心 合肥 230031) 摘要：大型管壳式换热器、缠绕管式换热器、板壳式换热器在我国许多工业领域的应用日益增大。介绍与大乙烯、大炼油、大型煤化工等成套装置相适应的大型管壳式换热器、缠绕管式换热器、板壳式换热器的技术难点。大型管壳式换热器传热流动特性与结构设计的协同性研究、超长换热管材料的技术要求、大型管板的设计与制造技术等方面在十一五期间都取得了显著的进展。大型多股流缠绕管式换热器、低焊接残余应力镍基合金对接焊接接头的高压缠绕管式换热器、组合结构的低温甲醇洗装置原料气冷却器等大型缠绕管式换热器产品的研制相继取得成功。兼顾流体分布与传热性能的换热板片、整板分次步进模压成型工艺、氩弧焊/电阻焊焊接工艺、新型进料喷雾分布器等关键技术为超大型板壳式换热器的国产化提供了保证。本文还列举了大型换热器具有代表性的典型产品。我国已能生产换热面积超过10 000 m2的管壳式换热器、换热面积超过7 000 m2的缠绕管式换热器，换热面积超过10 000 m2的板壳式换热器，并在煤化工和石油化工装置上得到成功应用。从混合介质的实际相变机理研究、高效传热元件的采用和可靠性研究等方面指出了大型换热器在国产化进程中存在的不足之处和发展方向。 关键词：大型 管壳式换热器 缠绕管式换热器 板壳式换热器 技术进展 中图分类号：TK172 * Technology Development of Large-scale Heat Exchanger in China CHEN Yongdong1, 2 CHEN Xuedong1, 2 (1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei 230031; 2. National Engineering Research Center on Safety of Pressure Vessels and Pipeline, Hefei 230031) Abstract：Large-scale shell-and-tube heat exchanger(STHE), spiral wound heat exchanger(SWHE) and plate-shell heat exchanger (PSHE) have been widely used in many industries. The technical difficulties of these heat exchangers suitable for large-scale ethylene, refinery and coal-chemical plant are discussed. During the 11th five plan period, remarkable developments were made in such aspects as the cooperativity study between the structure and process design of heat transfer amp;fluid flow, the material technical requirements of super-long heat exchange tube, and the design and manufacturing technology of large tube-sheet for large-scale STHE. Such large-scale SWHE products as the large-scale multi-stream SWHE, the high pressure SWHE using Ni-base alloy butt welded joints with low residual stress, and the feed gas cooler of rectisol unit with