第一讲句子成分答案.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 9 第一讲 句子成分 句子的定义 句子是包含主语和谓语部分的一组词。它有一定的语法结构和语调，用以表达一个比较完整的独立的概念。句子开头第一个字母要大写，句子末尾要有句号、问号或感叹号。如： The foundation of democracy is the will of the people to preserve liberty. What motives governed his actions? What a beautiful girl she is! 词类概述 能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类（parts of speech）。 英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。 句子成分 句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 （一）主语(Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 指出下列句中主语的中心词 ①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult. ⑤ Exercising half an an hour a day is good to our health. ⑥ where to find help is still a problem. ⑦ That he won the first prize surprised us all.(It surprised us all that he won the first prize.) 指出必修一Unit2课文第一段句子主语的中心词 ①At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. ② Nearly all of them lived in England. ③ Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. ④ Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. 谓语 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caugh