非谓语动词一览表题库.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 37 非谓语动词一览表 非谓语动词主动式被动式可充当的句子成分动词不定式to doto be done主语 宾语 表语 定语 补语 状语 插入语to be doing/to have doneto have been doneto have been doing/动名词doingbeing done主语 宾语 表语 定语having donehaving been done现在分词doingbeing done表语 定语 补语 状语 插入语having donehaving been done过去分词done 动词不定式的基本用法： 一. 语法功能: 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语(主语补足语)、状语以及插入语（独立成分)，唯独不可作谓语。 （主语）To scold her would not be just. （宾语）We are planning to build a Disney park here. （宾补）They hurriedly ended the meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. （表语）Our most urgent task is to make a careful analysis of the present situation. 仔细分析当前的形势是我们最迫切的任务。 （定语）Do you have anything else to add? 还有什么要补充的吗 （目的状语）Learn from past mistakes to avoid future ones. 惩前毖后。 （结果状语）He made a long speech only to show his ignorance of the subject. 他大讲了一通，只暴露他对这门学科的无知。 （程度状语）I don’t know her to speak to. 我认识她还不到能与她谈话的程度。 (原因状语) We shall be happy to co-operate with you in the work. (独立成分) To put it another way, do you like him? To be honest, I don’t know anything about it. I. 作主语： 1. To say is easier than to do. = Saying is easier than doing. 2. To see is to believe. =Seeing is believing. 3. How to go there hasn’t been decided yet. 4. Who to blame for the traffic accident is still a puzzle. 5. Whether to go or stay is not known. 6. It is important to study English well and go to college. 7. It is our duty to give a hand to people in trouble. 8. It takes me three hours to do house cleaning on Sundays. 9. To master a foreign language is very important。 =It is very important to master a foreign language. 【总结归纳】不定式作主语，用It代替主语，而把不定式后置，常见句型： It is + adj. (important, possible, impossible, necessary, hard, difficult, easy, strange, natural,…) + (for sb.) to do sth. It is + adj. ( honest, brave, foolish, clever, careful, kind, wise, careless, good, nice, silly, stupid, impolite…) +(of sb.) to do