Imagesamplingandimagequantization-UTA.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3.4. Visual quantization methods In general – if B6 (uniform quantization) or B5 (optimal quantization) = the contouring effect (i.e. false contours) appears in the quantized image. The false contours (“contouring”) = groups of neighbor pixels quantized to the same value = regions of constant gray levels; the boundaries of these regions are the false contours. The false contours do not contribute significantly to the MSE, but are very disturbing for the human eye = it is important to reduce the visibility of the quantization error, not only the MSQE. Solutions: visual quantization schemes, to hold quantization error below the level of visibility. Two main schemes: (a) contrast quantization; (b) pseudo-random noise quantization Digital image processing Chapter 3. Image sampling and quantization Uniform quantization, B=4 Uniform quantization, B=6 Optimal quantization, B=4 3.4. Visual quantization methods a. Contrast quantization The visual perception of the luminance is non-linear, but the visual perception of contrast is linear uniform quantization of the contrast is better than uniform quantization of the brightness contrast = ratio between the lightest and the darkest brightness in the spatial region just noticeable changes in contrast: 2% = 50 quantization levels needed ? 6 bits needed with a uniform quantizer (or 4-5 bits needed with an optimal quantizer) ? Digital image processing Chapter 3. Image sampling and quantization Examples of contrast quantization: For c=u1/3: ? Digital image processing Chapter 3. Image sampling and quantization Examples of contrast quantization: For the log transform: ? Digital image processing Chapter 3. Image sampling and quantization b. Pseudorandom noise quantization (“dither”) Digital image processing