有机堆肥讲师黄国荣.ppt

有機堆肥 肥料製作 Organic Fertilizer Composting Balance Land Pollution 有機肥料的功效 　　1. 改善土壤構造：有機的顆粒或斷片使土壤變鬆，有機質可增加微生物產物，促進土壤團粒化作用，使土壤構造變好。　　2. 增進土壤通氣性：土壤構造變好，可增加土壤的通氣量，同時使根系間之氧化碳易於擴散出去。　　3. 增加土壤保水力：有機肥料本身具有很強的吸水性，直接幫助水分的保持，或間接來自土壤構造的改善而提升土壤保水力。　　4. 增加土壤溫度：有機肥料之顏色較深，能吸收較多的熱量，而提高土壤溫度。　　 有機肥料的功效 (Continue) 5. 供應作物營養及能量：有機物分解時，產生無機營養(如氮、磷、鉀及微量元素等)及有機營養(如氨基酸.醣類等)，並放出二氧化碳，部分可供作物光合作用的應用基質。　　6. 增加土壤貯存營養分：土壤中之營養元素在有機質表面貯存，形成可交換性的形式，尤其對含粘粒少之土壤更為重要。　　7. 有機物質之分解產物促使無機營養轉移及增加其有效性。　　8. 提供微生物的營養及能量：大量之有機物質進入土壤中，可促進微生物之活動，也加速有機物質之分解，間接提供作物所需之營養元素。　　9. 對土壤有益菌有增進時，可達到制衡有害菌之作用。 * Improves the soil structure, porosity, and density, thus creating a better plant root environment. * Increases moisture infiltration and permeability of heavy soils, thus reducing erosion and runoff. * Improves water-holding capacity, thus reducing water loss and leaching in sandy soils. * Supplies a variety of macro and micronutrients. * May control or suppress certain soil-borne plant pathogens. * Supplies significant quantities of organic matter. * Improves cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils and growing media, thus improving their ability to hold nutrients for plant use. * Supplies beneficial micro-organisms to soils and growing media. * Improves and stabilizes soil pH. * Can bind and degrade specific pollutants. Benefits of Using Compost Get the nutrition you need enjoy tastier food Many studies have shown that organically grown food has more minerals and nutrients than food grown with synthetic pesticides. And there’s a good reason why many chefs use organic foods in their recipes -- they taste better. Save money Growing your own food can help cut the cost of your grocery bill. Protect future generations The average child receives four times more exposure than an adult to at least eight widely used cancer-causing pesticides in food. Prevent soil erosion More than 3 billion tons of topsoil are eroded from the United States’ croplands each year. In conventional farming, the s