SurfaceHardening-FacultyofMechanical.pdfVIP

10 Surface Hardening Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Surface Hardening  Many engineering must be very hard to resist surface indentation or wear and yet posses adequate toughness to resist impact damage  Surface Hardening is a process by which a steel is given a hard, wear resistant surface, while retaining a ductile but tougher interior  Surface hardening is usually done for the following reasons: - To improve wear resistance - To improve resistance to high contact stresses - To improve fracture toughness - To improve fatigue resistance, and, sometimes, - To improve corrosion resistance Faculty of Mechanical Engineering  Components that usually require surface hardening include:  - gears - bearings - valves  - cams - hand tools - rolls  - shafts - machine tools - bearing races  Surface hardening techniques can be classified into two major categories: 1. Processes that change the surface chemical composition (case hardening or thermochemical processes) 2. Processes that do not change the surface chemical composition (selective surface hardening or local thermal surface hardening) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 1. Case Hardening  Case hardening methods include: 1. Carburising 2. Nitriding 3. Carbo-nitriding 4. Cyaniding Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Carburising  Carburising is a hardening process in which carbon is introduced into the surface layer of the steel 1. The steel is heated in contact with a substance that has a high carbon