【2017年整理】新世纪医学英语教程(社会医学)第二、第三单元课文翻译.doc

Unit2 A America is experiencing a major epidemic today. 现今美国正在经历一场重要的流行病。 Unlike epidemics of the past, it is not a disease transmitted by bacteria or viruses. 不同于过去的流行病，它不是由细菌或病毒传染的疾病。 This epidemic is an increase in diseases and problems related to stress, and it touches all of our lives. 这个流行病的增加是与压力有关的疾病和问题引起的，它涉及我们生活的方方面面。 In 1900 the average life expectancy in this country was 47, and the major killer diseases included tuberculosis pneumonia,influenza, cholera, typhoid, and smallpox ——infectious diseases which struck people of all ages, regardless of their lifestyle. 1900年，这个国家的平均预期寿命为47岁，其主要致命疾病包括肺结核肺炎，流行性感冒，霍乱，伤寒，天花-这些传染性疾病袭击了所有年龄层的人，不管他们的生活方式怎样。 Today, on the other hand, life expectancy has been extended to 74, thanks in large part to the conquest of the acute infectious disease through improved sanitation, better distribution and storage of foods, and the introduction of immunization and antibiotics. 如今，在另一方面，预期寿命已延长至74岁，这在很大程度上是由于对于急性传染病的征服，通过改善卫生条件，更好地分配和储存食物，以及引进免疫方法和抗生素。 People today are dying of different diseases than they did at the turn of the 20th century, and the principal causes of death today are heart disease, stroke, cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, and diabetes. 当今人们死于的疾病与20世纪初不同，现在死亡的主要原因是心脏病，中风，癌症，肝硬化，糖尿病等。 These noninfectious, chronic diseases have been shown to be directly related to the way we live, and one of the dominant factors in their development is stress——an element of modern life which is taking an increasing toll on our physical and mental well-being. 这些非传染性，慢性疾病已被证明是与我们的生活方式有直接联系的，使其发展的主要因素之一是压力——这一现代生活元素，正对我们的身体和精神健康造成越来越严重的危害。 Technically speaking, stress is a physiological state of the body, a state of arousal in response to a perceived danger or threat. 从技术上来说，压力是机体对感知到的危险或威胁反应而表现的一种生理性兴奋状态。 We are all familiar with the physical signs and symptoms of the stress state. 我们都熟悉压力状态下的身体信号和症状。 Think about how you felt that last time you had to swerve to avoid a collision which driving: your heart raced, your palms