句法学 - 【创思英语】— 大学英语教学┆外语教学科研┆语 ….pptVIP

Chapter 5 Syntax English Linguistics: An Introduction Chapter 5 Syntax 0. Warm-up Questions 4. Syntactic Category 1. Definition 5. Syntactic Construction 2. Syntactic Unit 6. Syntactic Relation 3. Syntactic Function 7. Beyond the Sentence 0. Warm-up Questions 1. Definition 2. Syntactic Unit 2. Syntactic Unit 2. Syntactic Unit 3. Syntactic Function 3. Syntactic Function 3. Syntactic Function 4. Syntactic Category 4. Syntactic Category 5. Syntactic Construction 5. Syntactic Construction 5. Syntactic Construction 6. Syntactic Relation 6. Syntactic Relation 7. Beyond the Sentence 7. Beyond the Sentence 句法功能 修饰词 修饰成分 形容词定语 副词状语 创思英语 张Andy andy@ 动词范畴 时态体 语态 情态 有限性 创思英语 张Andy andy@ Definition of language as a research subject (in a general and abstract sense) 创思英语 张Andy andy@ * * What is your classification of sentences? Do you know the terms for different grammatical elements (e.g. subject)? Do you think that a sentence is a sequence of words? How do you analyze the structure of a sentence? In what ways are clauses or sentences connected? The word syntax, derived originally from Greek, is made up of two morphemes: ｛syn｝ and ｛tax｝. The former means “together”, and the latter “to arrange”, hence the literal meaning “a setting out together” or “arrangement”. In linguistics, it refers to the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a language, or simply, the study of the formation of sentences. 2.1 Word the minimum physically definable free form (See Chapter 4) 2.2 Phrase e.g. the three tallest girls (nominal phrase) has been doing (verbal phrase) extremely difficult (adjective phrase) to the door (prepositional phrase) very fast (adverbial phrase) 2.3 Clause Definition: a constituent both of a larger sentence and with its own subject and predicate Classification: finite (independent and fully inflected) and non-finite (infi