石油出口和陆上管道中的酸油管理：一个案例研究.pdfVIP

J Fail. Anal. and Preven. (2013) 13:264–273 DOI 10.1007/s11668-013-9673-6 CASE HISTORY—PEER-REVIEWED Managing Sour Service in Oil Export and Onshore Pipelines: A Case Study D. Ifezue • V. C. Nettikaden Submitted: 12 February 2013 / Published online: 23 March 2013 The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at S Abstract Thirteen extended H S excursions (19.64 mg/l Introduction 2 maximum) above the Standard Operating Limit (SOL, 6.7 mg/l), recorded for the export and onshore pipeline Background systems in January 2010, contravened the Pipelines Safety Regulations (PSR) 1996 and triggered an assessment to The two pipelines covered by this paper are the export pipe- determine the safety of continued operation in a sour ser- line and the onshore receiving pipeline to a processing vice condition. Sampling and monitoring results were terminal. A central platform gathers oil from five other plat- assessed and the pH and H2S partial pressures were found forms. The 3600 export pipeline then transport the co-mingled not to align with any of the ISO 15156 SCC regions of fluids from the central platform to a processing terminal. The environmental severity (0, 1, 2 and 3). Both pipelines were, export pipeline, terminating at the pig receiver, feeds the oil therefore, considered safe for continued operation as long into the 3600 onshore reception pipeline for processing at the as pH remained near-neutral above 6.5. Since pH was terminal. Field architectures for the entire pipeline system and found to be the main driver for SSCC risk, pH analysis has the export pipeline are illustrated schematically in Figs. 1 and been recommended for every pig receipt with H2S and CO2 2. This asset has been in operation for 30 y