【2017年整理】届高考数学考点回归总复习《第三模块 导数及其应用 第十四讲导数的概念及其运算》课件.pptVIP

[反思感悟]利用导数研究曲线的切线问题,一定要熟练掌握以下条件: (1)函数在切点处的导数值也就是切线的斜率.即已知切点坐标可求切线斜率,已知斜率可求切点的坐标. (2)切点既在曲线上,又在切线上.切线有可能和曲线还有其他的公共点. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 错源一 因忽视解题顺序而致错 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. [剖析]f(x)在点x0处的导数f′(x0),实际上是导函数f′(x)在x=x0处的函数值,即f′(x0)=f′(x)|x=x0.故求f(x)在x0处的导数f′(x0),应先求f(x)的导函数f′(x),再将x=x0代入f′(x)求值,顺序不能颠倒. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 第三模块导数及其应用第十四讲导数的概念及其运算 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 回归课本 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.导数的概念 (1)f(x)在x=x0处的导数 函数y=f(x)在x=x0处的瞬时变化率是 称其为函数y=f(x)在x=x0处的导数,记作f′(x0)或y′|x=x0, 即f′(x0) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (2)导函数 当x变化时,f′(x)称为f(x)的导函数,则f′(x)=y′ = Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 注意:导数是研究在x=x0处及其附近函数的改变量Δy与自变量的改变量Δx之比的极限,它是一个局部性的概念. 则函数y=f(x)在x=x0处就有导数,否则就没有导数. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.导数的几何意义 函数y=f(x)在x=x0处的导数的几何意义,就是曲线y=f(x)在点P(x0,y0)处的切线的斜率,过点P的切线方程为:y-y0=f′(x0)(x-x0). Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3.几种常用函数的导数 (1)c′=0(c为常数); (2)(xn)′=nxn-1(n∈N); (3)(sinx)′=cosx; (4)(cosx)′=-sinx; (5)(ex)′=ex; (6)(ax)′=axlna; Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose