医学论文写作摘要的.pptVIP

学术论文摘要;摘要长度;; 定义;特点;种类;;指示性摘要(indicative abstract);;2.报道/指示性摘要(informative-indicative abstract) ;恶性淋巴瘤伴有明显的嗜伊红细胞增多症 一名60岁患低分化淋巴细胞型淋巴瘤的黑人，淋巴结呈全身性肿大，嗜伊红细胞明显增多。对嗜伊红细胞进行的大量研究发现，其形态与机能均属正常范围。患者经过皮质素治疗后，肿大的淋巴结消失，周围血细胞计数恢复到正常范围。但仅维持了数月，原来的临床症状又复发。旋即开始全身性化疗。但疗效短暂。患者病情急转直下，最后死亡。本文综述了嗜伊红细胞增多症的发病机制和嗜伊红细胞功能研究的最新进展，并讨论了淋巴瘤与嗜伊红细胞增多症的关系。 ;;3. 报道性摘要(informative abstract);;分类;全结构式;内容包括： 背景(context/background) 目的(objective) 设计(design) 范围(地点)(setting) 对象(patients/subjects/participants/samples) 处理（治疗）方法(interventions) 主要观察指标(main outcome measures) 结果(results) 结论(conclusions) 有时可根据情况删除1~2项，或合并数项，但结果和结论时重点。;Context Experiments show that dental caries rates are higher among leadexposed animals, but this association has not been established in humans. Objective To examine the relationship between blood lead levels and dental caries. Design Cross-sectional survey conducted from 1988 to 1994 that included a dental examination and venipuncture blood lead assay. Setting and Participants A total of 24,901 persons aged 2 years old and older who participated in the Third National Health and Mutrition Examination Survey, which assessed the health and nutritional status of children and adults in the United States. Main Outcome Measures For children aged 2 to 11 years, the sum of decayed and filled deciduous or primary surfaces; for persons aged 6 years and older, the sum of decayed and filled permanent surfaces; for those 12 years and older, the sum of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces.;Results The log of blood lead level was significantly associated with the number of affected surfaces for both deciduous and permanent teeth in all age groups, even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, diet, and dental care. Among children aged 5 to 17 years, a 0.24 μmol/L（5 μg/dL) change in blood lead level was associated with an elevated risk of dental caries (odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.5). Differences in blood lead level explained some of