SAT高分文法考法精析-pronoun clarity-指代清晰-齐际、戈弋、王耕伟、朱思宁.docxVIP

Pronoun Clarity 指代清晰在英文中，一个代词需要有其明确的指代对象。如果上下文不能提供充足的证据表明一个代词的指代对象，则犯了指代不明的的错误。我们应该代词概述代词是用来代替名词或其名词作用的词、短语和句子的词。代词可以分为8类。第一，人称代词1）主格：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they2）宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them第二，物主代词1）形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their2）名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,yours, theirs第三，反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself,itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself第四，相互代词each other, one another第五，指示代词this, that, these, those,it, such, so, same第六，疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what第七，关系代词who, whom, whose, which,that, as第八，不定代词some, something, somebody,someone, any, anything, anybody, anyone, no, nothing, nobody,no one, every, everything, everybody, everyone, each,much, many, little, a little, few,. a few, other, another,. all, none,one, both, either, neitherSAT考试中指代清晰部分，人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词是重点考察对象。反身代词使用规则反身代词有人称及数的区分。单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfherselfitselfthemselves反身代词强调动作发出者本身，所以它的一个重要的特点是可以做主语的同位语。I fixed the window myself.myself指代I。He has turned against his wife. He himself doesn’t know why.himself指代he。反身代词亦可作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语。Please help yourself to some tea.yourself做help的宾语。You can go and see for yourself.yourself做介词for的宾语。指示代词的用法this、these、that、those的用法this、these、that、those均可以指代人，也可以指代事物。其中，this和that指代单数的人或事物；these和those指代复数的人或事物。This is my teacher.此时，This的词性是代词。These are apples.此时，These的词性是代词。需要注意的是，this、these、that、those也有形容词词性，其后可接名词。This man is my teacher.此时，This的词性是形容词。These fruits are apples.此时，These的词性是形容词such的用法such的词性可以是指示代词，也可以是形容词。Such is life. 这就是生活。此时，such的词性是代词。Such books are for the kids. 这种是给小孩看的。此时，such的词性是形容词。从数的角度讲，such可以是单数，也可以是复数，such的数取决于其指代的名词。Such is his nature. 这就是他的本性。such的数与his nature一致。Such are our people. 这些就是我们的人民。such的书与people保持一致。另外需要注意such的位置。such修饰单数名词时，放于不定冠词a或an之前，但若名词前有one、no、any、some、all、many等修饰时，such放在这些修饰词之后。He is such a man. 他就是这么一个人。One such table is enough. 这样的桌子，有一张就够了。There is no such thing. 没有这么一回事。so的用法so可以做宾语或表语，指代前文的相同成分。I promised to play