钢材控制轧制和控制冷却技术剖析.docVIP

钢材控制轧制和控制冷却技术 材控14 卢玉厚 钢材的控制轧制和控制冷却技术 Controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology, to improve the comprehensive mechanics performance of steel, the development of new varieties, simplify the production process, save energy and improve production conditions, etc., have achieved obvious economic benefits and social benefits. For nearly 30 years, controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology obtained the rapid development in foreign countries, and countries successively carried out various theoretical research and applied technology research, and tries to use in the production of steel rolling, the obvious improve and enhance the tenacity of steel and the use of performance, in order to save energy consumption, simplify production process and development of new steel varieties created favourable conditions. Control is to point to in the hot rolling process of rolling, based on the reasonable control of the metal heating, rolling and cooling, and make the plastic deformation combined with solid phase change process, in order to obtain good grain organization, make steel has excellent comprehensive performance of the rolling technology. Controlled cooling means to control phase change of steel after hot working organization and performance of the steel cooling technology. Key Words：Control rolling technology；Characteristics of controlled cooling technology；application；development trend 引言 近代工业发展对热轧非调质钢板的性能要求越来越高,除了具有高强度外 ,还要有良好的韧性 、焊接性能及低的冷脆性 。目前世界上许多国家都利用控轧和控冷工艺生产高寒地区使用的输油、输气管道用钢板 、 低碳含铌的低合金高强度钢板、 高韧性钢板,以及造船板 、 桥梁钢板 、 压力容器用钢板等。控制轧制和控制冷却技术,即TMCP,是2 0世纪钢铁业最伟大的成就之一。正是因为有了TMCP技术,钢铁业才能源源不断地向社会提供越来越优良的钢铁材料,支撑人类社会的发展和进步。控制轧制以及控制冷却技术现已用在中厚板、型钢、热轧带钢、线材、钢管等的现实生产中。 控扎控冷技术研究现状 1960 年前后，在欧美和澳大利亚等国家和地区，利用在单纯轧制钢材的过程中添加微量元素提高钢材的强度技术生产大直径管线钢材。1970 年初，随着社会生产对低碳化钢铁的需求，同时要求线材组织微细化，因此需要控制轧制后通过冷却来控制相变本身以获得最佳效果。二十世纪八十年代左右，世界上最初的控冷设备和技术研发成功。1920 年到1960 年左右，英国的控轧控冷技术主要是为了制造厚板，随后这些技术在欧洲、美国和日本得到了发展。我国的轧制工艺也有很大进步和发展，但是钢材生产中控轧控冷技术的改进、完善、提高、更专业提出了更高的要求。当今的生产中设备及工艺存在着很多问题，