中医精典名词术语英译.ppt

Translation of Classical Noun TCM Terms Foreign language teaching center Shanghai University of TCM Overview of Classical Noun TCM Terms Unit one Learning Objectives 了解“阴阳”、“五行”等中医经典名词术语的医学内涵。 掌握与西医术语的差异，理解中医的思维模式，熟悉中医经典名词术语与现代医学术语的差异。 掌握中医经典名词术语翻译的原则与方法。 由于中西方医学是在两种完全不同的文化背景下发展起来的，因此部分中医名词术语代表的完全是中医特有概念，很难在英文中找到对应词或等价物，在翻译时只能采用音译的方法，需要是加上必要的英文解释。例如中医的“阴”、“阳”等。 yin: a philosophical term in ancient China, referring to things or characters opposite to yang. The condition which appears as inert, internal, downward, cold, dim, material, inhibitive, and declining is attributive to yin. In TCM, it is widely used for explaining the physiological and pathological phenomena of human body, and for directing the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, for example, interior-syndrome are ascribed to yin. yang: a philosophical term in ancient China, referring to things or characters opposite to yin. The condition which appears as active, external, upward, hot, bright, functional, exciting, and hyperactive is attributive to yang. In TCM, it is widely used for explaining the physiological and pathological phenomena of human body, and for directing the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, for example, superficies-syndrome, heat-syndrome, sthenia-syndrome are ascribed to yang. 同样属于此类的中医经典名词术语还有以下几个： 气 qi 神 shen 命门 mingmen 三焦 sanjiao Classical Noun TCM Terms on Five-organs and diseases Unit Two 中医有一些器官名称术语，这些名词术语与西医器官相比，大部分所指代内容基本相同，因此在翻译时完全可以借助于西医术语进行英译，例如： 肝 liver 心 heart 脾 spleen 肺 lung 肾 kidney 手 hand 脚 foot 四肢 extremities 关节 joint 此外，由于疾病属于客观存在物，不管人们如何称呼它，它总是客观存在的。所以，中西医在疾病名称方面，也有部分情况时完全对应的，在翻译这些术语时，也可以借助西医术语进行英译，例如： 感冒 cold 梅毒 syphilis 疟疾 malaria 白喉 diphtheria 麻疹 measles 黄疸 jaundice 便秘 constipation 呃逆 hiccup Classical Noun TCM Terms on “经络” Unit Three “经络”是中医中重要的术语，目前对于其英译主要有meridian与channel两种。要探究究竟哪种译法更贴切，我们需要从其内涵开始探讨： Meridian指a great circle of the celestial sphere passing through its poles and the zenith of a given place. 而Channel则指a u