CLASS11工业用钢辩析.ppt

Steels can be divided into two main groups: Plain carbon steels 碳钢 Alloy steels 合金钢 2）According to carbon concentration Low carbon steels 低碳钢: ≤0.25% Medium carbon steels 中碳钢: 0.25~0.6% High carbon steels 高碳钢: 0.63) According to their total content of alloying elements  Low alloy steels 低合金钢: (total alloying content 5%) Medium alloy steels 中合金钢：(total alloying content 5%-10%) High alloy steels 高合金钢: (total alloying content 10%) Plain Carbon Steels ：普通碳钢 Definition of American Iron and Steel Institute （AISI） A plain carbon steels to be an alloy of iron which contains specified amounts of Mn below a maximum amount of 1.65%, less than 0.6%Si, less than 0.6% Cu and which does not have any specified minimum content of any other deliberately added alloying element. It is usual for maximum amounts (e.g. , 0.05%) of S and P to be specified.  Alloy steels : 合金钢 ~ are those steels that contain minimum specified amounts of alloying elements in addition to those found in plain carbon steels. Alloying element: Cr, Ni, Mo, Nb, Ti, W, Co, Cu, V, Si, Al and B. These element produce a variety of changes in the behavior and properties of steel.  4) According to their applications into three main groups: a) Constructional steels 结构钢 which are generally used for machine parts highly stressed in tension or compression. b) Tool steels 工具钢 which require great hardness and, in some cases, resistance to softening by heat. c) Special steels 特殊用途钢 (e. g. stainless steels and heat-resisting steels) 专用钢用其用途的汉语拼音字首来标明。例如，滚珠轴承钢钢号前标以“G”字, GCr15 表示含碳量约1.0%、铬约1.5 %(含铬量以千分之一为单位的数字表示1)的滚珠轴承钢 对于高级优质钢，则在钢号的末尾加“A”字表明，例如20Cr2Ni4A等 Alloy steels have been developed that contain alloying elements to improve their properties. Alloy steels in general cost more than plain-carbon steels, but for ma