Addition 增词翻译法.ppt

004 Addition in Translation Practice I. Introduction 1. Addition is a skill commonly used in translation practice. It has actually been employed in the skill of extension to preserve the meaning of an image or a metaphor and to reproduce the artistic effect. 2. Translation is a kind of explanation to some extent, without which the TL version may be difficult to understand. E. Nida uses a figure to suggest the necessity of explaining a text in translation The area of the square is equal to that of the rectangle. The channel to readers is too narrow to let the square pass due to linguistic and cultural diversities. Therefore, in translation practice, the square must prolonged to be a rectangle for the passing and the area of the rectangle remains the same as that of the square. This implies that the original is explained with some additional parts and its total meaning is not changed in the process. 3. Explanation of any type must be different from the original in form, hence the deviation from stylistic features of the original. So it must be adopted with carefulness in translation practice. Here exists the matter of degree. 4. Addition is always to add what is implied but not explicitly expressed in the form. 5. Addition is also in conflict with conciseness which is one the principles in language use. II. Discussion in Detail Types of Addition Syntactical addition: to meet the needs of TL syntax Semantic addition: for the clearness and completion of meaning in TL version Artistic addition: for artistic effect All these are to improve the readability of the TL version and be faithful to the original. 1. Syntactical addition a. Add what is omitted in the original He knows nothing to his fellowmen, breathes nothing to his fellowmen but friendship and brotherly kindness. 他对自己的同胞只知道朋友之谊和兄弟之情，而且只表示朋友之谊和兄弟之情。 b. Add when a verb or prep is followed by several objects But this naval competition strained the Liberal Governments principles as well as their budgets.