Effects of Local and Landscape Factors on Population Dynamics of a Cotton Pest 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Effects of Local and Landscape Factors on Population Dynamics of a Cotton Pest 英文参考文献.doc

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Effects of Local and Landscape Factors on Population Dynamics of a Cotton Pest 英文参考文献

EffectsofLocalandLandscapeFactorsonPopulation DynamicsofaCottonPest YvesCarrie`re1*,PeterB.Goodell2,ChristaEllers-Kirk1,GuillaumeLarocque3¤,PierreDutilleul3, StevenE.Naranjo4,PeterC.Ellsworth1 1DepartmentofEntomology,TheUniversityofArizona,Tucson,Arizona,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 2KearneyAgriculturalCenter,UniversityofCaliforniaCooperative Extension, Parlier, California, United States of America, 3Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, 4Arid-Land AgriculturalResearchCenter,USDA-ARS,Maricopa,Arizona,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Manypolyphagouspestssequentiallyusecropsanduncultivatedhabitatsinlandscapesdominatedbyannual crops.Asthesehabitatsmaycontributeinincreasingordecreasingpestdensityinfieldsofaspecificcrop,understanding thescaleandtemporalvariabilityofsourceandsinkeffectsiscriticalformanaginglandscapestoenhancepestcontrol. Methodology/Principal Findings:Weevaluatedhowlocalandlandscapecharacteristics affectpopulationdensityofthe westerntarnishedplantbug,Lygushesperus(Knight),incottonfieldsoftheSanJoaquinValleyinCalifornia.Duringtwo periodscoveringthemainwindowofcottonvulnerabilitytoLygusattackoverthreeyears,weexaminedtheassociations betweenabundanceofsixcommonLyguscrops,uncultivatedhabitatsandLyguspopulationdensityinthesecottonfields. Wealsoinvestigatedimpactsofinsecticideapplicationsincottonfieldsandcottonfloweringdate.Consistentassociations observed across periods and years involved abundances of cotton and uncultivated habitats that were negatively associatedwithLygusdensity,andabundanceofseedalfalfaandcottonfloweringdatethatwerepositivelyassociatedwith Lygus density. Safflower and forage alfalfa had variable effects, possibly reflecting among-year variation in crop managementpractices,andtomato,sugarbeetandinsecticideapplicationswererarelyassociatedwithLygusdensity.Using datafromthefirsttwoyears,amultipleregressionmodelincludingthefourconsistentfactorssuccessfullypredictedLygus densityacr