Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Home Ranges in Sabi Sand Reserve and Kruger National Park A Five-Year Satellite Tracking Study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Home Ranges in Sabi Sand Reserve and Kruger National Park A Five-Year Satellite Tracking Study 英文参考文献.doc

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Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Home Ranges in Sabi Sand Reserve and Kruger National Park A Five-Year Satellite Tracking Study 英文参考文献

Elephant(Loxodontaafricana)HomeRangesinSabi SandReserveandKrugerNationalPark:AFive-Year SatelliteTrackingStudy BindiThomas,JohnD.Holland*,EdwardO.Minot EcologyGroup,InstituteofNaturalResources,MasseyUniversity,PalmerstonNorth,NewZealand Abstract Duringafive-yearGPSsatellitetrackingstudyinSabiSandReserve(SSR)andKrugerNationalPark(KNP)wemonitoredthe daily movements of anelephant cow (Loxodonta africana) from September 2003 to August 2008. The study animal was confirmedtobepartofagroupofsevenelephantsthereforeherpositionisrepresentativeofthematriarchalgroup.We foundthatthestudyanimaldidnotusehabitatrandomlyandconfirmedstrongseasonalfidelitytoitssummerandwinter five-yearhomeranges.Thecow’ssummerhomerangewasinKNPinanareamorethanfourtimesthatofherSSRwinter homerange.Sheexhibitedclearparkhabitationwithuptothreevisitsperyeartravellingviaawell-definednorthernor southern corridor. There was a positive correlation between the daily distance the elephant walked and minimum daily temperatureandtheelephantwassignificantlyclosertoriversandartificialwaterholesthanwouldbeexpectedifitwere movingrandomlyinKNPandSSR.Transectlinesestablishedthroughthehomerangesweresurveyedtofurtherunderstand thefinescaleofthelandscapeandvegetationrepresentativeofthehomeranges. Citation:ThomasB,HollandJD,MinotEO(2008)Elephant(Loxodontaafricana)HomeRangesinSabiSandReserveandKrugerNationalPark:AFive-YearSatellite TrackingStudy.PLoSONE3(12):e3902.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003902 Editor:JeromeChave,CentreNationaldelaRechercheScientifique,France ReceivedAugust4,2008;AcceptedNovember15,2008;PublishedDecember9,2008 Copyright: ? 2008 Thomas et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:WegratefullyacknowledgethefinancialsupportoftheInstituteofNaturalResources,MasseyUniversity.Thefunderhadnoroleinstudydesign,data collectiona