Evidence for Positive Selection on a Number of MicroRNA Regulatory Interactions during Recent Human Evolution 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Evidence for Positive Selection on a Number of MicroRNA Regulatory Interactions during Recent Human Evolution 英文参考文献.doc

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Evidence for Positive Selection on a Number of MicroRNA Regulatory Interactions during Recent Human Evolution 英文参考文献

EvidenceforPositiveSelectiononaNumberof MicroRNARegulatoryInteractionsduringRecentHuman Evolution JingjingLi1,2.¤a,YuLiu2,3.,XiaofengXin1,2¤b,TaehyungSimonKim1,EduardoAguiarCabeza3,JieRen4, RasmusNielsen5,JeffreyL.Wrana2,3*,ZhaoleiZhang1,2 * 1BantingandBestDepartment ofMedicalResearch,TheDonnellyCentre,University ofToronto,Toronto,Canada, 2Department ofMolecularGenetics,University of Toronto,Toronto,Canada,3TheCenterforSystemsBiology,SamuelLunenfeldResearchInstitute,MountSinaiHospital,Toronto,Canada,4DepartmentofPhysicsand CentreforComputationalScienceandEngineering,NationalUniversityofSingapore,Singapore,Singapore,5DepartmentsofIntegrativeBiologyandStatistics,University ofCaliforniaBerkeley,Berkeley,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract MicroRNA(miRNA)–mediatedgeneregulationisofcriticalfunctionalimportanceinanimalsandisthoughttobelargely constrainedduringevolution.However,littleisknownregardingevolutionarychangesofthemiRNAnetworkandtheirrole inhumanevolution.HereweshowthatanumberofmiRNAbindingsitesdisplayhighlevelsofpopulationdifferentiationin humansandthusarelikelytargetsoflocaladaptation.InasubsetwedemonstratethatallelicdifferencesmodulatemiRNA regulationinmammaliancells,includinganinteractionbetweenmiR-155andTYRP1,animportantmelanosomalenzyme associated with human pigmentary differences. We identify alternate alleles of TYRP1 that induce or disrupt miR-155 regulation and demonstrate that these alleles are selected with different modes among human populations, causing a strongnegativecorrelationbetweenthefrequencyofmiR-155regulationofTYRP1inhumanpopulationsandtheirlatitude ofresidence.WeproposethatlocaladaptationofmicroRNAregulationactsasarheostattooptimizeTYRP1expressionin responsetodifferentialUVradiation.OurfindingsillustratetheevolutionaryplasticityofthemicroRNAregulatorynetwork inrecenthumanevolution. Citation:LiJ,LiuY,XinX,KimTS,CabezaEA,etal.(2012)EvidenceforPositiveSelectiononaNumberofMicroRNARegulatoryInteractionsduringRecentHuman Evolution.