Fractal Dimension and Vessel Complexity in Patients with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Fractal Dimension and Vessel Complexity in Patients with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations 英文参考文献.doc

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Fractal Dimension and Vessel Complexity in Patients with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations 英文参考文献

FractalDimensionandVesselComplexityinPatients withCerebralArteriovenousMalformations GernotReishofer1*,KarlKoschutnig2,3,ChristianEnzinger4,FranzEbner2,HelmutAhammer5 1DepartmentofRadiology,MR-Physics,MedicalUniversityofGraz,Graz,Austria,2DivisionofNeuroradiology,DepartmentofRadiology,MedicalUniversityofGraz,Graz, Austria, 3Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 4Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 5Institute of Biophysics, MedicalUniversityofGraz,Graz,Austria Abstract Thefractaldimension(FD)canbeusedasameasureformorphologicalcomplexityinbiologicalsystems.Theaimofthis study was to test the usefulness of this quantitative parameter in the context of cerebral vascular complexity. Fractal analysiswasappliedontenpatientswithcerebralarteriovenousmalformations(AVM)andtenhealthycontrols.Maximum intensityprojectionsfromTime-of-FlightMRIscanswereanalyzedusingdifferentmeasurementsofFD,theBox-counting dimension, the Minkowski dimension and generalized dimensions evaluated by means of multifractal analysis. The physiologicalsignificanceofthisparameterwasinvestigatedbycomparingvaluesofFDfirst,withthemaximumslopeof contrastmediatransitobtainedfromdynamiccontrast-enhancedMRIdataandsecond,withthenidussizeobtainedfrom X-ray angiography data. We foundthat for all methods, the Box-counting dimension, the Minkowski dimension and the generalizeddimensionsFDwassignificantlyhigherinthehemispherewithAVMcomparedtothehemispherewithoutAVM indicating that FD is a sensitive parameter to capture vascular complexity. Furthermore we found a high correlation betweenFDandthemaximumslopeofcontrastmediatransitandbetweenFDandthesizeofthecentralniduspointing out the physiological relevance of FD. The proposed method may therefore serve as an additional objective parameter, whichcanbeassessedautomaticallyandmightassistinthecomplexworkupofAVMs. Citation:ReishoferG,KoschutnigK,EnzingerC,EbnerF,AhammerH(2012)FractalDimensionandVesselComplexityinPatient