Global Diversity of Aloricate Oligotrichea (Protista, Ciliophora, Spirotricha) in Marine and Brackish Sea Water 英文参考文献.docVIP

Review GlobalDiversityofAloricateOligotrichea(Protista, Ciliophora,Spirotricha)inMarineandBrackishSeaWater SabineAgatha* DepartmentofOrganismicBiology,UniversityofSalzburg,Salzburg,Austria In their revisions, Kent listed 21 species [6], Awerinzew 10 species [7], and Kahl 84 species [8,9], while the most recent monographspublishedin1985and1986[10,11]considered127 speciesofaloricateOligotrichea.Therateofdiscovery(Figure1) Abstract:Oligotrichidsandchoreotrichidsareciliatetaxa contributing to the multi-step microbial food web and episodically dominating the marine microzooplankton. The global diversity and distribution of aloricate Oligo- reflects the introduction and improvement of light microscopy tricheaareunknown.Here,thegeographicrangesofthe 141 accepted species andtheir synonyms in marine and brackish sea water are analyzed, using hundreds of taxonomical and ecological studies; the quality of the records is simultaneously evaluated. The aloricate Oligo- trichea match the moderate endemicity model, i.e., the majority (94) of morphospecies has a wide, occasionally cosmopolitandistribution,while47morphospeciesshow biogeographic patterns: they are restricted to single geographic regions and probably include 12 endemic morphospecies. These endemics are found in the Antarctic, North Pacific, and Black Sea, whereas the ‘‘flagship’’ species Strombidinopsis cercionis is confined to the Caribbean Sea. Concerning genera, again several geographic patterns are recognizable. The species rich- nessisdistinctlylowerinthesouthernhemispherethanin the northern, ranging from nine morphospecies in the South Pacific to 95 in the North Atlantic; however, this pattern is probably caused by undersampling. Since the loss of species might affect higher trophical levels substantially, the aloricate Oligotrichea should not any longer be ignored in conservation issues. The ecophysi- ologicaldiversityisconsiderablylargerthanthemorpho- logical, and even tops the richness of SSrRNA and