Herbivory by a Phloem-Feeding Insect Inhibits Floral Volatile Production 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Herbivory by a Phloem-Feeding Insect Inhibits Floral Volatile Production 英文参考文献.doc

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Herbivory by a Phloem-Feeding Insect Inhibits Floral Volatile Production 英文参考文献

HerbivorybyaPhloem-FeedingInsectInhibitsFloral VolatileProduction MartinPareja1,ErikaQvarfordt2,BenWebster2,PatrickMayon3,JohnPickett3,MichaelBirkett3 ,Robert Glinwood2* 1DepartmentodeEntomologia,UniversidadeFederaldeLavras,Lavras,Brazil,2DepartmentofEcology,SwedishUniversityofAgriculturalSciences,Uppsala,Sweden, 3RothamstedResearch,DepartmentofBiologicalChemistry,Harpenden,UnitedKingdom Abstract There is extensive knowledge on the effects of insect herbivory on volatile emission from vegetative tissue, but little is knownaboutitsimpactonfloralvolatiles.Weshowthatherbivorybyphloem-feedingaphidsinhibitsfloralvolatileemission inwhitemustardSinapisalbameasuredbygaschromatographicanalysisofheadspacevolatiles.TheeffectoftheBrassica specialistaphidLipaphiserysimiwasstrongerthanthegeneralistaphidMyzuspersicaeandfeedingbychewinglarvaeofthe mothPlutellaxylostella causedno reductionin floral volatileemission. Field observations showedno effectof L.erysimi- mediated floral volatile emission on the total number of flower visits by pollinators. Olfactory bioassays suggested that althoughtwoaphidnaturalenemiescoulddetectaphidinhibitionoffloralvolatiles,theirolfactoryorientationtoinfested plantswasnotdisrupted.Thisisthefirstdemonstrationthatphloem-feedingherbivorycanaffectfloralvolatileemission, and that the outcome of interaction between herbivory and floral chemistry may differ depending on the herbivore’s feedingmodeanddegreeofspecialisation.Thefindingsprovidenewinsightsintointeractionsbetweeninsectherbivores andplantchemistry. Citation:ParejaM,QvarfordtE,WebsterB,MayonP,PickettJ,etal.(2012)HerbivorybyaPhloem-FeedingInsectInhibitsFloralVolatileProduction.PLoSONE7(2): e31971.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031971 Editor:JuergenKroymann,FrenchNationalCentreforScientificResearch,Universite′ Paris-Sud,France ReceivedSeptember16,2011;AcceptedJanuary20,2012;PublishedFebruary23,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Pareja et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Cre