Motor Learning in Healthy Humans Is Associated to Gray Matter Changes A Tensor-Based Morphometry Study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Motor Learning in Healthy Humans Is Associated to Gray Matter Changes A Tensor-Based Morphometry Study 英文参考文献.doc

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Motor Learning in Healthy Humans Is Associated to Gray Matter Changes A Tensor-Based Morphometry Study 英文参考文献

MotorLearninginHealthyHumansIsAssociatedtoGray MatterChanges:ATensor-BasedMorphometryStudy MassimoFilippi1,2*,AntoniaCeccarelli1,ElisabettaPagani1,RobertoGatti3,AliceRossi3 ,Laura Stefanelli3,AndreaFalini4,GiancarloComi2,MariaAssuntaRocca1,2 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute and University Hospital San Raffaele, Milan, Italy, 2DepartmentofNeurology,ScientificInstituteandUniversityHospitalSanRaffaele,Milan,Italy,3LaboratoryofMovementAnalysis,SchoolofPhysiotherapy,Scientific InstituteandUniversityHospitalSanRaffaele,Milan,Italy,4DepartmentofNeuroradiology,ScientificInstituteandUniversityHospitalSanRaffaele,Milan,Italy Abstract Weusedtensor-basedmorphometry(TBM)to:1)mapgraymatter(GM)volumechangesassociatedwithmotorlearningin younghealthyindividuals;2)evaluateifGMchangespersistthreemonthsaftercessationofmotortraining;and3)assess whethertheuseofdifferentschemesofmotortrainingduringthelearningphasecouldleadtovolumemodificationsof specificGMstructures.From31healthysubjects,motorfunctionalassessmentandbrain3DT1-weightedsequencewere obtained:beforemotortraining(time0),attheendoftraining(twoweeks)(time2),andthreemonthslater(time3).Fifteen subjects(groupA)weretrainedwithgoal-directedmotorsequences,and16(groupB)withnonpurposefulmotoractionsof the right hand. At time 1 vs. time 0, the whole sample of subjects had GM volume increase in regions of the temporo- occipitallobes,inferiorparietallobule(IPL)andmiddlefrontalgyrus,whileattime2vs.time1,anincreasedGMvolumein themiddletemporalgyruswasseen.Attime1vs.time0,comparedtogroupB,groupAhadaGMvolumeincreaseofthe hippocampi,whiletheoppositecomparisonshowedgreaterGMvolumeincreaseintheIPLandinsulaingroupBvs .group A.MotorlearningresultsinstructuralGMchangesofdifferentbrainareaswhicharepartofspecificneuronalnetworksand tend to persist after training is stopped. The scheme applied during the learning phase influences the pattern of such structuralchanges. Cita