New Episodic Learning Interferes with the Reconsolidation of Autobiographical Memories 英文参考文献.docVIP

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New Episodic Learning Interferes with the Reconsolidation of Autobiographical Memories 英文参考文献.doc

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New Episodic Learning Interferes with the Reconsolidation of Autobiographical Memories 英文参考文献

NewEpisodicLearningInterfereswiththe ReconsolidationofAutobiographicalMemories LarsSchwabe*,OliverT.Wolf DepartmentofCognitivePsychology,Ruhr-UniversityBochum,Bochum,Germany Abstract Itiscommonlyassumedthat,withtime,aninitiallylabilememoryistransformedintoapermanentoneviaaprocessof consolidation.Yet,recentevidenceindicatesthatmemoriescanreturntoafragilestateagainwhenreactivated,requiringa periodofreconsolidation.Inthestudydescribedhere,wefoundthatparticipantswhomemorizedastoryimmediatelyafter theyhadrecalledneutralandemotionalexperiencesfromtheirpastwereimpairedintheirmemoryfortheneutral(butnot for the emotional) experiences one week later. The effect of learning the story depended critically on the preceding reactivationoftheautobiographicalmemoriessincelearningwithoutreactivationhadnoeffect.Theseresultssuggestthat newlearningimpedesthereconsolidationofneutralautobiographicalmemories. Citation: Schwabe L, Wolf OT (2009) New Episodic Learning Interferes with the Reconsolidation of Autobiographical Memories. PLoS ONE 4(10): e7519. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007519 Editor:ThomasBurne,UniversityofQueensland,Australia ReceivedAugust20,2009;AcceptedSeptember30,2009;PublishedOctober21,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Schwabe, Wolf. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:Theauthorshavenosupportorfundingtoreport. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:Lars.Schwabe@rub.de Introduction new episodic material after memories have been reactivated. Participants memorized an Indian folk tale (‘‘The War of the Ghosts’’byBartlett[14];interferencetask)aftertheyhadrecalled neutralandemotionalexperiencesfromtheirpast.Inordertorule out non-specific effects of learning the tale, another group of participants learned the story without prior reactivation of autobiograph