2013人教版必修5unit 1“great scientists reading”课件.pptVIP

Reading Warming Up There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science ? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions. 2. Charles Darwin, Britain (1808 -- 1882) The Origin of Species was published in 1859. It explained how plants and animals had changed over time to fit in with a changing environment. At the time it was published it was very controversial. Many people believed the Bible when it said that God made the first two people (Adam and Eve) and that all other people came from these two. Darwins book showed that people had developed from apes instead. So this caused a lot of argument between religious and scientific people. However Darwins idea became very influential and is still accepted today. 3. Thomas Newcomen, British (1663--1729) He improved the first steam pump built by Thomas Savery in 1698 and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it still further in the 1770s turning it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. 4. Gregor Mendel, Czech (1822- 1884) He grew pea plants and developed ideas on heredity(遗传学) and inherited (继承,承传) characteristics. He concentrated (集中精力) on cross-fertilizing (施肥) pea plants and analyzing the results. Between1856-- 1863 he grew 28,000 pea plants. He examined seven kinds of seed and plant characteristics and developed some laws of inheritance (承传的规则). The first is that inheritance factors do not combine but are passed to the next generation intact (完整的). Second, he found that each partner gives half the inherited factors to the young. 5. Marie Curie, Polish and French (1867--1934) She was born in Poland and came to study in France in 1891 and she lived there for the rest of her life. In 1898