知识管理和风险管理的英语论文拙译.docVIP

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In the past year, the world witnessed major turbulence in the global economy. Many companies restructured themselves, some merged with others, filed for bankruptcy, acquired another company, and some implemented drastic layoffs. This resulted in a decrease in the resources available to all departments and a subsequent increase in business risks. Additionally, the U.S. economy has shrunk sharply since last autumn, with a real gross domestic product (GDP) having dropped at an annual rate of more than 6 percent in the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009. One of the enormous costs of this economic downturn is the loss of 6 million payroll jobs over the past 15 months (Bernanke, 2009). 在过去的一年里,世界目睹着全球经济的动荡。许多公司进行改组，有的因面临倒闭而与其他公司和并成另一个公司，有的则进行大规模的裁员。这导致了所有部门可利用资源的减少并增加了商业风险。此外，从去年秋季开始，美国经济大幅度萎缩，国内生产总值以2008年第四季度和2009年第一季度的百分之六的速度下降。在过去的十五个月里，经济低迷时期的巨大的经济成本是岗位上工作人员的六百万的工资。（伯南克， 2009）。payroll system 工资管理系统 payroll tax 工资税 n.[劳经]工资单payslip Another issue facing companies is globalization. The globalization of companies introduces many challenges. To meet these challenges, companies are required to become more innovative and introduce new ideas. The need to change is forcing corporations to organize their projects and their systems. Many companies depend on their own resources or external resources to meet their objectives and be better prepared for changes in their surrounding environment. Moreover, corporations are facing new and different types of risks every day because of the changes in the world environment. These changing environments might introduce new risk or raise existing risks to the corporations. The source of risks can be differentiated between those that are internal or external. This risky environment, if not managed appropriately, might negatively affect the existence and possible future conditions of corporations. A Framework For Integrating Knowledge Management With Risk Management For Information Technology Project