Palladium-Catalyzed Heck Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides in Aqueous Media Using Tetrahydropyrimidinium Salts as Carbene Ligands 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Palladium-Catalyzed Heck Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides in Aqueous Media Using Tetrahydropyrimidinium Salts as Carbene Ligands 英文参考文献.doc

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Palladium-Catalyzed Heck Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides in Aqueous Media Using Tetrahydropyrimidinium Salts as Carbene Ligands 英文参考文献

Molecules 2010, 15, 649-659; doi:10.3390/moleculeOPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article Palladium-Catalyzed Heck Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides in Aqueous Media Using Tetrahydropyrimidinium Salts as Carbene Ligands Sedat Ya?ar 1, Emine ?zge ?zcan 2, Nevin Gürbüz 2, Bekir ?etinkaya 3 and ?smail ?zdemir 2,* 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Gaziosmanpa?a University, 60240 Tokat, Turkey; E-Mail: syasar44@ (S.Y.) 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, ?n?nü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; E-Mails: eozgeozcan@ (E.?.?.); ngurbuz@.tr (N.G.) 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 ?zmir, Turkey; E-Mail: bekircetinkaya@.tr (B.C.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: iozdemir@.tr; Tel.: +904223410212; Fax: +904223410212. Received: 16 December 2009; in revised form: 1 January 2010 / Accepted: 12 January 2010 / Published: 28 January 2010 Abstract: An efficient and stereoselective catalytic system for the Heck cross coupling reaction using novel 1,3-dialkyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium salts (1, LHX) and Pd(OAc)2 loading has been reported. The palladium complexes derived from the salts 1a-f prepared in situ exhibit good catalytic activity in the Heck coupling reaction of aryl bromides under mild conditions. Keywords: carbene; C-C coupling; palladium/tetrahydropyrimidinium; Heck coupling 1. Introduction The Heck reaction, one of the most utilized cross-coupling reactions, is the palladium-catalyzed arylation of an olefin with an aryl halide under basic conditions. Since its independent discovery in the early 1970s by Heck [1] and Mizoroki [2], the Heck reaction has been widely used as a tool for organic synthesis because of its importance in the direct attachment of olefinic groups to aromatic Molecules 2010, 15 650 rings [3–5]. Numerous review articles on various