Performance Limitations of Relay Neurons 英文参考文献.docVIP

PerformanceLimitationsofRelayNeurons RahulAgarwal*,SrideviV.Sarma DepartmentofBiomedicalEngineering,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Baltimore,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Relaycellsareprevalentthroughoutsensorysystemsandreceivetwotypesofinputs:drivingandmodulating.Thedriving input contains receptive field properties that must be transmitted while the modulating input alters the specifics of transmission. For example, the visual thalamus contains relay neurons that receive driving inputs from the retina that encodeavisualimage,andmodulatinginputsfromreticularactivatingsystemandlayer6ofvisualcortexthatcontrolwhat aspectsoftheimagewillberelayedbacktovisualcortexforperception.Whatgetsrelayeddependsonseveralfactorssuch asattentionaldemandsandasubject’sgoals.Inthispaper,weanalyzeabiophysicalbasedmodelofarelaycellanduse systems theoretic tools to construct analytic bounds on how well the cell transmits a driving input as a function of the neuron’s electrophysiological properties, the modulating input, and the driving signal parameters. We assume that the modulatinginputbelongstoaclassofsinusoidalsignalsandthatthedrivinginputisanirregulartrainofpulseswithinter- pulseintervalsobeyinganexponentialdistribution.Ouranalysisappliestoanynthordermodelaslongastheneurondoes notspikewithoutadrivinginputpulseandexhibitsarefractoryperiod.Ourboundsonrelayreliabilitycontainperformance obtained through simulation of a second and third order model, and suggest, for instance, that if the frequency of the modulatinginputincreasesortheDCoffsetdecreases,thenrelayincreases.Ouranalysisalsoshows,forthefirsttime,how the biophysical properties of the neuron (e.g. ion channel dynamics) define the oscillatory patterns needed in the modulating input for appropriately timed relay of sensory information. In our discussion, we describe how our bounds predictexperimentallyobservedneuralactivityinthebasalgangliain(i)health,(ii)inParkinson’sdisease(PD),and(iii)inPD duringtherapeuticdeepbrainstimulation.O